A compressor is an automatic gain control effect that scales the output level of a signal based on the input level. If the input level is above a certain threshold, the compressor reduces the gain of the signal based on how high the input signal is above the threshold. The 1176LN is a hardware compressor originally produced in the late sixties. The circuitry has been tweaked several times to de...

In the framework of biological control, the selection of effective natural enemies determines the final pest control. Thus, the genetic improvement of biocontrol agents could enhance the efficiency of biocontrol programs. Although promising, this approach has rarely been applied in this field. At the intraspecific level, hybridization between divergent populations of biocontrol agents is expect...

If the production of genetically variable offspring is a mechanism of host defense against parasites, then parasites capable of suppressing sexual reproduction in hosts may gain a selective advantage over parasites that do not do so. Recent work has shown that a range of systemic fungi infecting plants sterilize their hosts, effectively preventing coevolutionary responses by host populations to...

a simple but novel and applicable approach is proposed to solve the problem of smoothing effect of ordinary kriging estimate which is widely used in mining and earth sciences. it is based on transformation equation in which z scores are derived from ordinary kriging estimates and then rescaled by the standard deviation of sample data and the sample mean is added to the result. it bears the grea...

In this paper, we present a vaccination model with multiple transmission ways and derive the control reproduction number. The stability analysis of both the disease-free and endemic equilibria is carried out, and bifurcation theory is applied to explore a variety of dynamics of this model. In addition, we present numerical simulations to verify the model predictions. Mathematical results sugges...

Energy balance plays an important role in the control of reproduction. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms connecting the two systems are not well understood especially in teleosts. The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in the regulation of both energy balance and reproduction, and contains a number of neuropeptides, including gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), orexin, neuropepti...

The basal ganglia and cerebellum are considered to play a role in timing, although their differential roles in timing remain unclear. It has been proposed that the timing of short milliseconds-range intervals involves the cerebellum, whereas longer seconds-range intervals engage the basal ganglia (Ivry, 1996). We tested this hypothesis using positron emission tomography to measure regional cere...

An exciting synergistic interaction occurs among researchers working at the interface of reproductive biology and energy homeostasis. Reproductive biologists benefit from the theories, experimental designs, and methodologies used by experts on energy homeostasis while they bring context and meaning to the study of energy homeostasis. There is a growing recognition that identification of candida...