Introduction All eukaryotes and at least some prokaryotes express the capacity to anticipate adapt daily changes of light temperature in their environments. These circadian programs are fundamental features many forms life. Cyanobacteria were first have demonstrated gene expression. Recently, a rhythm was also discovered an unrelated bacterium, Klebsiella aerogenes , human gut commensal nosocom...

The introduction of DNA into plant cells, protoplasts, or intact tissue s has been accomplished by a variety of mechanisms, including electropo-ration, electrofusion, particle bombardment, liposome transfer, the us e of bacterial vectors, polyethylene glycol treatment, and other procedures. As new techniques are developed or modified, it is necessary to use a reliable gene-expression system to ...

it has been more than half a century that plant geneticists and breeders have been trying to assemble a combinationof genes in crop plants, in order to make them as suitable and productive as possible. plant transformation technology incrop plants was first undertakenin the 1980s based on the ability of foreign gene integration into host plant genome andregeneration of transformed plant cells i...

Reduced host cell reactivation (HCR) of a reporter gene containing 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) lesions in Cockayne syndrome (CS) fibroblasts has previously been attributed to increased 8-oxoG-mediated inhibition of transcription resulting from a deficiency in repair. This interpretation has been challenged by a report suggesting reduced expression from an 8-oxoG containing reporter gene occurs in all...

Polycomb response elements (PREs) are cis-regulatory sequences required for Polycomb repression of Hox genes in Drosophila. PREs function as potent silencers in the context of Hox reporter genes and they have been shown to partially repress a linked miniwhite reporter gene. The silencing capacity of PREs has not been systematically tested and, therefore, it has remained unclear whether only spe...

A gene-trapping vector carrying a GUS/Luciferase dual reporter gene was developed to establish an efficient and convenient screening system for T-DNA-based gene trapping in plants. A key feature of this gene trap scheme is to place two different types of reporters, luciferase (Luc) and beta-glucuronidase (GUS), as a fusion protein within a trapped gene to probe the activity of the gene. Luc is ...