The diurnal variations in soil-gas helium concentration have been monitored at depths of 0.5-2.0 m in three localities in Colorado, Wyoming, and C•lifornia.'Bar•metric p e•su TM, air temperature, wind speed, soil temperature and moisture, relative humidity, and precipitation were also measured. The helium variation below a 1-m sampling depth usually did not exceed the analytical sensitivity of ...

The work reports validation of numerical weather forecasts (NWF), QuikSCAT-based wind speed and AMSR-E sea surface temperature (SST) for the surface atmospheric boundary layer in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean under the International Polar Year. The database consists of wind speed, air temperature, relative humidity, sea level pressure collected along the ship route from Durban (32.4°S...

Experiments concerning a full-scale demonstration of air purifying pavement in Hengelo, The Netherlands, are reported. The full width of the street was provided with concrete pavement containing TiO₂ over a length of 150 m ("DeNOx street"). Another part of the street, about 100 m, was paved with normal paving blocks ("Control street"). The outdoor monitoring was done during 26 days for a period...

Evaporation is an important parameter for many projects related to hydrology and water resources systems. This paper constitutes the first study conducted in Kuwait to obtain empirical relations for the estimation of daily and monthly pan evaporation as functions of available meteorological data of temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed. The data used here for the modeling are daily mea...

in recent decades artificial neural networks (anns) have shown great ability in modeling and forecasting non-linear and non-stationary time series and in most of the cases especially in prediction of phenomena have showed very good performance. this paper presents the application of artificial neural networks to predict drought in yazd meteorological station. in this research, different archite...

In this study, net surface radiation (Rn) was estimated using artificial neural network (ANN) and Linear Model (LM). Then, estimated Rn with both the models (ANN and LM) were compared with measured Rn from eddy covariance (EC) flux tower. The routinely measured meteorological variables namely air temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity were used as input to the ANN and global solar rad...

The concentrations of inorganic aerosol components in the fine particulate matter (PM(fine)< or =2.5 microm) consisted of primarily ammonium, sodium, sulfate, nitrate, and chloride are related to the transfer time scale between gas to particle phase, which is a function of the ambient temperature, relative humidity, and their gas phase constituent concentrations in the atmosphere. This study in...

The western Arabian Sea exhibits strong spatial variability in sea surface temperature (SST) during the southwest monsoon, with changes in SST that can exceed 58C over 200 km. Exploration of satellite-based and in situ data shows a strong connection between mesoscale SST features and changes in the atmospheric boundary layer. The fundamental relationship is that of weak (strong) wind velocities...

[1] The change in evaporation over the oceans in climate models is analyzed from the perspective of air‐sea turbulent fluxes of water and energy. The results challenge the view that the change in evaporation is predominantly constrained by the change in the net radiation at the surface. For fixed net radiation change, it is found that (1) robust increases in near‐surface relative humidity and (...