Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. [1] The partitioning of available energy into dissipative fluxes over land surfaces is dependent on the state varia...

Among them, Y is the n q  random observation matrix; e is the n q  random error matrix, , nm kq X Z is the design matrix that we are known, and   r X m  ,   r Z k  , B is the p k  regression parameter matrix that we are unknown, V and  are positive definite matrices with the size q q  and n n  -order respectively.  expresses product of matrix Kronecker. e expresses a column vector...

In this paper we explore how the modeling of effort as a factor of production affects the relative competitiveness of different economic organizations. We construct a simple model of privately-owned and labor-managed firms to show that the more important the role of effort in production, the greater the differences in the efficiency of the two types of firms even if monitoring is held fixed. Us...

This paper concerns the design and analysis, of a ball type continuously variable transmission, (B-CVT). This B-CVT has a simple kinematic structure, and same as a toroidal CVT, transmits power by friction on the contact points between input and output discs, that are connected to each other by balls. After, a brief introduction of our B-CVT structure, the performa...

In this article, we investigate the measurement of performance in DMUs in which input and/or output values are given as imprecise data. By imprecise data, we mean that in some cases, we only know that the actual values are inside certain intervals, and in other cases, data are specified only as ordinal preference information. In this article, we present two distinct perspectives for determining...

This paper suggests extending scores of technical efficiency as used in, for example, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to efficiency scores defined as so-called fuzzy intervals. Fuzzy scores allow the decision maker to use scores of technical efficiency in combination with other sources of available performance information e.g. expert opinions, key figures etc. In this sense, results of, DEA wil...

Financial economists usually assess market efficiency in absolute terms. This is to be viewed as a shortcoming. One way of dealing with the relative efficiency of markets is to resort to the efficiency interpretation provided by algorithmic complexity theory. We employ such an approach in order to rank 36 stock exchanges, 37 individual company stocks, and 19 US dollar exchange rates in terms of...

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This study examined sex differences in categorization of facial emotions and activation of brain regions supportive of those classifications. In Experiment 1, performance on the Facial Emotion Perception Test (FEPT) was examined among 75 healthy females and 63 healthy males. Females were more accurate in the categorization of fearful expressions relative to males. In Experiment 2, 3T functional...

In this lecture I want delve a bit more deeply into the problem of comparing performance of various tests. Among other things I will try to provide an exposition of Chernoff’s (1952) result employed in Lars Hansen’s talks here several years ago. The lecture is based on van der Vaart (1998, Chapter 14). Consider the problem of testing H0 : θ ∈ Θ0 vs H1 : θ ∈ Θ1, using a test statistic Tn that re...