With growing awareness of the impact of alcohol consumption on global health (Rehm et al. 2004; World Health Organization [WHO] 2002, 2009) the demand for global information on alcohol consumption and alcohol-attributable and alcohol-related harm as well as related policy responses has increased significantly. Public health problems attributable to harmful alcohol consumption have become the fo...

In response to our suggestion to define substance use disorders via ‘heavy use over time’, theoretical and conceptual issues, measurement problems and implications for stigma and clinical practice were raised. With respect to theoretical and conceptual issues, no other criterion has been shown, which would improve the definition. Moreover, heavy use over time is shown to be highly correlated wi...

THE hypothesis that saline administration results in dilutional acidosis was advanced by Shires and Holman in 1948. The antithesis, that physiologic defense mechanisms prevent reduction of bicarbonate concentration ([HCO3 ]) to the extent predicted by simple dilution, followed approximately 20 yr later and generally was accepted by 1975. In the 1990s, a variety of case reports and clinical stud...

In a very comprehensive review in this issue of the International Journal of Epidemiology, Roerecke and Rehm show a very high cause-specific mortality among alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients, especially regarding liver cirrhosis, mental disorders and injury. Several mortality estimates presented were higher than those previously found, and it appears that the newer (and better?) studies demon...

1. Segura M. Streptococcus suis: an emerging human threat. J Infect Dis. 2009;199:4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/594371 2. Wertheim HF, Nghia H, Taylor W, Schultsz C. Streptococcus suis: an emerging human pathogen. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48:617– 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/596763 3. Yu H, Jing H, Chen Z, Zheng H, Zhu X, Wang H, et al. Human Streptococcus suis outbreak, Sichuan, China. Emerg In...

Thp American/ournal o/Occupa/iollal Tberapy j oint stiffness and soft tissue contractu res of the fingers are common problems treated by the occupational therapist specializing in hand therapy. It is Widely accepted that dynamic splinting in combination with range-of-motion exercises is the most effective way of managing these problems. The rationale, prinCiples, and objectives of dynamic splin...

Background. Although administration of OPAT at home is now common practice, there is a paucity of data on the frequency of emergency department (ED) visits during such treatment. The purpose of this study was to describe ED visits while on OPAT at home. Methods. All OPAT courses carried out at home for patients at Cleveland Clinic over one calendar year were identified from the institution’s OP...

Risky, non-dependent alcohol use is prevalent in the United States, affecting 25% of adults (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014b). Massachusetts has higher rates of alcohol use and binge drinking than most states (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2015). Serious physical, social, and economic consequences result. Excessive alcohol use contributes to cancer...

The photochemical processes occurring in diastereomeric dyads (S,S)-1 and (S,R)-1, prepared by conjugation of (S)-2-(2-hydroxy-1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)propanoic acid ((S)-BPOH) with (S)- and (R)-Trp, have been investigated. In acetonitrile, the fluorescence spectra of (S,S)-1 and (S,R)-1 were coincident in shape and position with that of (S)-BPOH, although they revealed a markedly stereoselective qu...