abstract research and development (r&d;) spending plays a major role in innovation, raising productivity and increasing economic growth. the purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of r&d; spending on growth and total factor productivity (tfp) in iran's agricultural sector. we estimate growth and productivity models using auto-regressive distributed lag (ardl) approach and data over ...

in this paper we examine the effect of the oil volatility, consumer price index (cpi) and industrial production on the stock market return in tehran stock exchange (tse). we used seasonal data in period 1378-1390 and auto regressive distributed method (ardl) for the short-term and long-term relationship between the variables. as results of research indicate, we find that there is positive short...

Abstract. Bias correction and statistical downscaling are now regularly applied to climate simulations make then more usable for impact models studies. Over the last few years, various methods were developed account multivariate – inter-site or inter-variable properties in addition usual univariate ones. Among such methods, temporal either neglected specifically accounted for, i.e. differently ...

The role of agriculture has been significantly emphasized in improving the living standard population and economic framework any country. Agriculture an important sector Sri Lanka which contributes 7.4% to GDP, 25.5% total labor force, 20.62% foreign earnings Livelihood Avenue for 2.1 million households Lanka. contribution determinants food, forestry, fishery, livestock: GDP shows a declining t...

In order to evaluate the development levels of countries, economic growth along with environmental quality account for important indices nowadays. The impacts of environmental quality (based on environmental performance index), the direct foreign investment, and trade openness on economic growth in selected developing countries have been scrutinized in the present study. In the present study th...

We study the probability distribution of stock returns at mesoscopic time lags (return horizons) ranging from about an hour to about a month. While at shorter microscopic time lags the distribution has power-law tails, for mesoscopic times the bulk of the distribution (more than 99% of the probability) follows an exponential law. The slope of the exponential function is determined by the varian...

This study aims at investigating the nature of the causal relationship between immigration and two macroeconomic indicators, GDP per capita and unemployment, in Sweden using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing procedure and Granger-causality within vector error correction model (VECM) based on annual data spanning the period between 1980 and 2004. Results of the ARDL bounds tes...