The psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm is a dominant research tool in the literature on dual-task performance. In this paradigm a first and second component task (i.e., Task 1 and Task 2) are presented with variable stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) and priority to perform Task 1. The main indicator of dual-task impairment in PRP situations is an increasing Task 2-RT with decreasin...

Four reaction time experiments examined the mental rotation process using a psychological refractory period paradigm. On each trial, participants made speeded responses to both a tone (S1) and a rotated letter (S2), presented with varying stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs). If mental rotation of the stimulus letter can proceed while central mechanisms are busy with S1, then the effect of orient...

We present a new methodology to derive faster composite operations of the form dP + Q, where d is a small integer ≥ 2, for generic ECC scalar multiplications over prime fields. In particular, we present an efficient Doubling-Addition (DA) operation that can be exploited to accelerate most scalar multiplication methods, including multiscalar variants. We also present a new precomputation scheme ...

Heat coagulation of milk results from a complex series of physicochemical reactions that eventually lead to precipitation or gelation. Viscosity of milk tends to increase upon heating as it approaches the point of coagulation of the proteins, which is the basis for producing high viscosity in super-heated condensed milk. Although viscous property may have been studied extensively in cow fluid m...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It is recommended that Botox be used within 5 hours of reconstitution, which results in substantial quantities being discarded. This is not only uneconomic, but also inconvenient for treating patients. The aim of this study was to determine the potencies of Botox used within 2 hours of reconstitution with unpreserved saline, the same Botox refrigerated (at +4℃) 72 hours a...

introduction pulmonary vein (pv) isolation is considered as a key to atrial fibrillation (af) treatment. cryoballoon ablation is an effective therapy for pv isolation for af with minimal side effects and was approved by the us food and drug administration (fda) several years ago. successful isolation of pvs during cryoablation depends on the balloon temperature and helps in early identification...

joule-thomson cooling systems are used in refrigeration processes such as cryogenic gas liquefaction. although extensive studies have been carried out by researchers, most of them include cryogenic heat exchangers and their associated fields. in the current study, an attempt was made to indicate the effect of using inappropriate operational conditions in a cryogenic joule-thomson cooling system...

The effect of temperature on microbial fermentation in blood was studied. Specimens of human blood from a blood bank were inoculated with Candida albicans, an organism capable of causing fermentation. A preservative was added to a portion of the inoculated specimens. These inoculated specimens, as well as uninoculated blood, were stored under various temperature conditions. Production of ethyl ...

In a parity judgment task, the ERPs at parietal electrode sites become more negative as more mental rotation has to be executed. This article provides a review of the empirical evidence regarding this amplitude modulation. More specifically, experiments are reported that validate both the functional relationship between mental rotation and the amplitude modulation as well as the temporal relati...

We investigated whether concurrent processing of a tone (T1) interferes with early sensory-perceptual processing of a visual target (T2) in variants of the psychological refractory period paradigm using the event-related potential (ERP) method and 70-channel electroencephalographic recordings. T1, which required a speeded response, was presented in all trials. In half of the trials, T1 was foll...