purpose : to determine the relationship between refractive errors and ocular components values in carpet weavers methods : refractive errors and ocular components values were investigated on carpet weavers at mashhad city in iran . after selection of samples, the individuals who had ophthalmic and systemic disease effective on the refractive errors were excluded from the study. refractive error...

purpose: retinopathy of prematurity (rop) adversely affects normal ocular vascularization in premature infants. it can be mild with no visual consequences, or may become aggressive with new vessel formation and even progress to retinal detachment and blindness. modern treatment can prevent blindness due to neovascularization but uncorrected refractive errors may lead to amblyopia. methods: in t...

purpose : to evaluate the correlation of central corneal thickness (cct) with refractive error and keratometry in a group of patients eligible for laser keratorefractive surgery, which may serve as a bias in studies on intraocular pressure (iop) measurement methods : in a cross sectional observational study, the right eyes of 340 patients who underwent laser keratorefractive surgery during the ...

Myopes of low degree commonly report that their vision seems poorer upon removal of their spectacles compared to that after a period without spectacle wear. Notably, this difference in vision can be appreciated after distance fixation. In this paper, we propose and test several alternative hypotheses to explain the phenomenon: an accommodative response to spectacles, sensory adaptation, or alte...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of non-keratometric ocular astigmatisms on visual and refractive outcomes after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for correction of myopic astigmatisms. METHODS Seventy one eyes of 36 subjects were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent PRK for treatment of myopia. Subjects were evaluated for refractive error, keratometry, and visual acuity before and six mo...

Optical correlation, or matched filtering, can now be applied more widely than before, because the light is now allowed to be totally incoherent, spatially and spectrally. Two such correlators were demonstrated recently. Their state of chromatic correction can be called achromatic, since the scaling error has two zero crossings within the visible range of wavelengths. We present a new apochroma...

Posterior Chamber Phakic Toric Implantable Collamer Lenses have become increasingly used to correct refractive error associated with astigmatism. These devices are claimed to provide high efficacy in terms of refractive correction. This book chapter is an updated review on the safety and effectiveness and potential complications of the toric implantable collamer lens (Toric ICL) published in pe...