Purpose Though the development of biofuel has attracted numerous studies for quantifying potential water demand applying life cycle thinking, the impacts of biofuel water consumption still remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to quantify ecological impact associated with corn-based bioethanol water consumption in Minnesota in responding to different refinery expansion scenarios by applying a...

The Activox® process is a hydrometallurgical process route developed by Norilsk Process Technology to treat a wide variety of metal sulphide concentrates1. A combination of ultra fine grinding, which activates the sulphide minerals and oxidation at a relatively low temperature and pressure, form the core of the patented technology, which is expected to provide a competitive alternative to the t...

the growth of the electrical energy consumption form one side and the bounded available fossil fuel and other limitations from the other side, makes the thermal power plants upgrading as a main demand in the world. decreasing the internal energy consumption, increasing the performance and the output power with the minimum costs are the important targets of the power plants retrofitting. nowaday...

Aerial deposition of Ni from a refinery in Port Colborne, Ontario, Canada has resulted in the enrichment of 29 km of land with Ni concentrations exceeding the Canadian Ministry of the Environment’s remedial action level of 200 mg kg . Several studies on these soils have shown that making the soils calcareous was effective at reducing chemically extractable Ni, as well as alleviating Ni phytotox...

Electricity generation in thermal power plants as the largest producer of electricity in Iran is associated with greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, using the Malmquist-Luenberger method, green productivity, and efficiency changes are measured for 31 thermal power plants (including 12 steam power plants, 13 gas power plants, and six combined cycle power plants) during 2009-2016. The result...

Copper smelting and refinery factories are the final stages of a pyrometallurgical processing chain, and they cause many environmental challenges around the world. One of the most common environmental problems of these factories is toxic emissions. These toxic gases have harmful effects on the vegetation, animal species, soils, and water resources around the factories. Phytoremediation can play...

The effects of greenhouse gases (GHG) on the growth of global warming, and increase of GHG and air pollutant emissions for energy production have forced the need of energy recovery which is normally wasted in industrial plant. The present research work focused on the GHG and air pollutant emissions reduction employing pressure waste energy recovery. Pressure break-down via Joule-Thomson valve i...