A question between John Harris and I is the degree to which lessons may be learned, and insights gained, from a life distinguished by physical differences. He argues it as the "aborting Beethoven fallacy", I insist on the evidence that what we learn from physical differences may be critical and life enhancing.

We note (a) the well-rehearsed linguistic observation that eventualities can be referred to by using either noun phrases or sentences, and (b) the seductive ontological parallels drawn by Bach [1986] between eventualities and individuals. We show how the mechanisms for knowledge representation and referring expression generation in an existing natural language generation system [Dale 1988, 1989...

a majority of books and writing translated from persian literature include persian proverbs among which wisdom and advice are of high importance. these books, as we know, are translated pieces of advice and wisdom from persian and are known as “books of advice”. this paper aims at showing that these books are among the basic principles of persian literature.  having studied historical and liter...

We describe a classification-based approach to referring expression generation (REG) making use of standard context-related features, and an extension that adds speaker-related features. Results show that taking speakers’ preferences into account outperforms the standard REG model in four test corpora of definite descriptions.