This paper reviews the citizen media and studies the fourth generation of communication development theories emphasizes on participatory communication. In this kind of theories the cibizen’s parbicipation and their activeness is the center of case instead of the public Accessibility of media. Therefore providing an opportunity for dialogue through media and providing dialogue Democracy in ...

the following null hypothesis was proposed: there is no significant difference between the efl students listening comprehension development receiving pictorial cues and those receiving no cuse. to test the null hypothesis, 52 male and femal freshmen students of medicine studing at iran university of medical scinces were randomly selected from a total population of 72 students. to ensure that th...

شهر تهران واقعیتی نو برخاسته از ناحیه موسوم به دشت ری در سایه جنوبی رشته کوه‌های البرز میانی است. به‌دلیل اهمیت امروزی شهر تهران به عنوان پایتخت در یک و نیم سده اخیر ایران، مبدأ شهر تهران بیشتر به لحاظ تاریخی مورد توجه صاحب‌نظران بوده است تا ملاحظات جغرافیایی و ژئومورفولوژی و مبدأ جغرافیایی و طبیعی آن. لازم است به جای رجوع به احاله تاریخیhistorical) reductionism) برای مطالعه وضعیت توسعه اراض...

Today, in most theories related to development, democratic regimes are introduced as one of the tools and indices of development. In fact, theoretically and practically, democratic regimes provide the most important and the most appropriate ground for the development, while other regimes can never play such a role. Having a look at ruling political regimes in the Middle East, it appears that, e...

abstract this study aimed at investigating the impact of etymology strategy instruction on the development of vocabulary of iranian intermediate efl learners. etymology, knowledge of origin of words, roots, and affixes, has proved to be a controversial issue and a question of long debate with regard to its impact on the process of vocabulary learning. this study employed etymology strategy in ...

short story as an important literary genre in the recent decade is focused by many of young writers and literary critical with searching structure, content , artistic techniques and cognitive phenomenon of these works , we can show quantity of using some parts of storied literature from new literal techniques of the word and also we can show the usage of native, cultural and social foundation...

Valuing human being is the foundation of nursing and the essence of care. Specified aspects of the health care are not compatible with the humanistic agenda. Thus, the challenge is to integrate a humanistic approach into nursing. Nursing scientists have tried to solve this problem by developing human centered theories. Internal evaluation of these theories helps decide about their applicability...