AIM TO DETERMINE THE EFFICIENCY OF ERBIUM: Yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser with Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM) and shear bond strength analysis as a method of recycling stainless steel orthodontic brackets and compare with other methods of recycling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty samples of extracted premolar teeth bonded to SS brackets were tested for rebonded shear ...

Experimental work was carried out to develop information about mechanical properties of recycled concrete (RC) in marine environment. By using the seawater and dry-wet circulation to simulate the marine environment, specimens of RC were tested with different replacement percentages of 0%, 30%, and 60% after immersing in seawater for 4, 8, 12, and 16 months, respectively. Based on the analysis o...

this study has been conducted in order to investigate the effect of using onp recycled fibers on the mechanical and optical properties of local mixed hardwoods kraft pulp at iran wood and paper industry (chooka). onp and virgin kraft pulp have been prepared from chooka’s waste paper storage and pulping digester, respectively. onp has been repulped in the common method as used by paper recycling...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro the shear bond strength of recycled orthodontic brackets. S2C-03Z brackets (Dental Morelli, Brazil) were bonded to the buccal surfaces of 50 extracted human premolars using Concise Orthodontic chemically cured composite resin (3M, USA). The teeth were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n=10), as follows. In group I (control), the bonded brackets re...

In 1995, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) began reconstruction in Houston on a section of IH-10 with continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP). The unique aspect of this project was the use of crushed concrete as both coarse and fine aggregates in the new concrete. No virgin aggregates were used. The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate (1) the material propert...

In this paper, the effect of adding recycled glass powder (RGP) as a third component in polymer modified bitumen is studied. RGP and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is added to the base bitumen in order to prepare modified binders and mixtures. The initial study is performed to determine physical properties of unmodified, SBR modified and RGP-SBR modified asphalt binders which prove RGP's compat...

The high humidity produced by the ripening of fruit and vegetables during refrigerated storage transport leads to a noticeable loss strength corrugated board packaging. Increasing use recycled fibres in manufacture further reduces box compression strength. Adding virgin furnish composition liner paper could solve this problem. Various proportions unbleached eucalyptus pine were added used for b...