A plant-wide control strategy based on integrating linear model predictive control (LMPC) and nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) is proposed. The hybrid method is applicable to plants that can be decomposed into approximately linear subsystems and highly nonlinear subsystems that interact via mass and energy ̄ows. LMPC is applied to the linear subsystems and NMPC is applied to the nonlin...

The enormous increase in the quantum and diversity of waste materials and their potentially harmful effects on the general environment and public health, have led to an increasing awareness about an urgent need to adopt scientific methods for safe disposal of wastes. While there is an obvious need to minimize the generation of wastes and to reuse and recycle them, the technologies for recovery ...

“why” mind-set. We are particularly interested in your thoughts about recycling. In particular, we are interested in your thoughts about why you would recycle. For example, what are the underlying reasons for recycling, for what purpose would you recycle, etc.? Please take some time below to explain why you would go about recycling.

Governments. firms, and civil sociery are increasingly taking action to mange the end-of-life of computers. While appropriate treatment of the waste stream via recycling and other technologies is required, it is also important to address the flow upstream through reduction of final demand via improved utilization. This article evaluates endo$life optionsfor computers via quantitative assessment...

Macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) is a cellular quality control mechanism that evolved to recycle cellular waste and maintain energy homeostasis under starvation. However, its implications in regulating metabolism has only recently begun to be uncovered. Recent studies have revealed new functions of autophagy such as sensing damaged tissue mitochondria and preventing cellular injury by remov...

We show that modified versions of the linear congruential generator and the shift register generator are provably good for amplifying the correctness of a probabilistic algorithm. More precisely, if r random bits are needed for a BPP algorithm to be correct with probability at least 2/3, then O(r + k) bits are needed to improve this probability to 1 − 2−k. We also present a different pseudo-ran...

Our understanding of how genetic changes underlie the evolution of traits is growing fast. Two new studies now show that changes in the same genetic loci can drive the evolution of the same trait in multiple Drosophila species.