BACKGROUND Crown-heel length (CHL) measurement is influenced by technique, training, experience and subject cooperation. We investigated whether extending one or both of an infant's legs affects the precision of CHL taken using an infantometer. The influence of staff training and infant cooperation were also examined. METHODS CHL was measured in children (aged 2), infants (aged 1) and newborn...

During gait rehabilitation, therapists or robotic devices often supply physical assistance to a patient's lower limbs to aid stepping. The expensive equipment and intensive manual labor required for these therapies limit their availability to patients. One alternative solution is to design devices where patients could use their upper limbs to provide physical assistance to their lower limbs (i....

Fifty-six patients with essential hypertension and 29 normotensive controls were hospitalized and volume expanded with saline or volume depleted with furosemide. We measured plasma norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine-f#-hydroxylase (DBH) to evaluate their sympathetic nervous activity. NE and DBH levels and their response to volume changes were the same in normal and hypertensive subjects. Volume d...

CONTEXT The prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) among children and adolescents in the United States appeared to plateau between 1999 and 2006. OBJECTIVES To provide the most recent estimates of high BMI among children and adolescents and high weight for recumbent length among infants and toddlers and to analyze trends in prevalence between 1999 and 2008. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPAN...

BACKGROUND The effect of posture on peritoneal transport characteristics during CAPD is unpredictable because (1) although the capillary pressure is higher in the upright position, the intraperitoneal pressure is also elevated, and (2) the contact of dialysate with the subdiaphragmatic lymphatics is probably more extensive during recumbency. METHODS In eight CAPD patients, six peritoneal perm...

An 88-year-old woman with a nonischemic cardiomyopathy, severe kyphoscoliosis, and an implantable cardiac defibrillator presented from her nursing home with dyspnea and hypoxemia. She had several recent hospitalizations for similar symptoms that were attributed to heart failure and pneumonia. On the day of presentation, she had severe dyspnea while eating breakfast. In the emergency department,...

Lindhard (1) has noted that, of seven subjects, three, all of them females, had a slower rate of blood flow in the sitting than in the recumbent posture while the four male subjects showed practically no change. As far as we know these are the only direct observations in the literature concerning the effect of posture on blood flow. We have made thirteen determinations of the circulatory rate w...

V.R. Preedy (ed.), Handbook of Anthropometry: Physical Measures of Human Form in Health and Disease, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-1788-1_78, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 Abstract Measurement of height or recumbent length is essential for the assessment of linear growth in children. Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often grow poorly and assessment of growth in this population is furthe...

1. We studied diurnal patterns of plasma atrial natriuretic factor, plasma guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate and urinary sodium excretion in normal subjects after 3 days on a 200 mmol of sodium/60 mmol of potassium diet. On the fourth day blood samples and urine were collected every 3 h. 2. Two studies were performed. In study 1, normal subjects (n = 8) were recumbent for 23 h from 09.00 hou...