Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pathogen recognition molecules activating the innate immune system. Cell surface expressed TLRs, such as TLR2 and TLR4, have been shown to play an important role in human host defenses against viruses through sensing of viral structural proteins. In this study, we aimed to elucidate whether TLR2 and TLR4 participate in inducing antiviral immunity against hepatitis...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis c virus (HCV), prevalent among 3% of the world population, is a major worldwide public health concern and an effective vaccination could help to overcome this problem. Plant seeds as low-cost vaccine expression platforms are highly desirable to produce antigens. OBJECTIVES The present study was aimed at investigating the possible expression of recombinant HCV core protein...

As a step toward developing recombinant oral vaccines, we have explored the feasibility of expression of O polysaccharide antigens from Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Escherichia coli. We cloned in E. coli HB101 a 26.2-kilobase DNA fragment from P. aeruginosa strain PA103 that specifies the production of the O polysaccharide of Fisher immunotype 2 (IT-2) strains. The recombinant organism incorporate...

The viral genotype may influence the response to interferon (IFN) treatment in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. To characterize potential mechanisms responsible for this effect, we assessed whether IFN modulation of HCV-specific T-cell responses differs in patients infected by different genotypes. The T-cell response to HCV core protein was sequentially analyzed before and during IFN ...

A replication-defective recombinant adenovirus (RAd), RAdCMV-CE1, containing core and E1 genes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) was constructed. RAdCMV-CE1 was able to express core and E1 proteins both in mice and human cells. Immunization of BALB/c mice with RAdCMV-CE1 induced a specific cytotoxic T-cell response against the two HCV proteins. This response was characterized using a panel of 60 synth...

A recombinant cosmid containing genes involved in Klebsiella pneumoniae C3 core lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis was identified by its ability to confer bacteriocin 28b resistance to Escherichia coli K-12. The recombinant cosmid contains 12 genes, the whole waa gene cluster, flanked by kbl and coaD genes, as was found in E. coli K-12. PCR amplification analysis showed that this cluster is conser...

The biological role of the protein encoded by the alternative open reading frame (core+1/ARF) of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome remains elusive, as does the significance of the production of corresponding antibodies in HCV infection. We investigated the prevalence of anti-core and anti-core+1/ARFP antibodies in HCV-positive blood donors from Cambodia, using peptide and recombinant protein-b...

Humoral and cellular immune responses are currently induced against hepatitis C virus (HCV) core following vaccination with core-encoding plasmids. However, the anti-core antibody response is frequently weak or transient. In this paper, we evaluated the effect of different additives and DNA-protein combinations on the anti-core antibody response. BALB/c mice were intramuscularly injected with a...

conclusions over-expression of the synthetic cpc/β protein in the bacterial system (escherichia coli bl-21) showed that e. coli can be used as a basis for further research to produce this desired protein in large quantities. results the sds-page analysis and dot blotting confirmed the production of recombinant c-pc/β in the bacterial expression system. over-expression of cpcb gene was optimized...