2 Classification Error Suppose that we cut off the growing process at various points over the growing processs, and we evaluate the error of the tree at that point and time. This would lead to a graph of size vs. error (where error is the probability of making a mistake). There are two error rates to be considered: • training error (i.e. fraction of mistakes made on the training set) • testing ...

Words denoting non-causative and causative change of state (COS) predicates often are morphologically related to words denoting the related state predicates, though the relationship sometimes differs for different types of states. For the state of ‘brokeness’, for example, in English the word denoting the state in (1c) is derived from the words denoting the change of state. In contrast, the wor...

Cobalt-based electrocatalysts have been considered promising materials for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we now report synthesis of vanadium-doped CoS/Co9S8 heterostructures embedded on carbon nanorods (V-CoS/Co9S8@CNR), which was realized through one-step sulfurization Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-67 (ZIF-67) grown V2O5 (V2O5@ZIF-67). The results experiment and theoretical cal...

In this research, cobalt and nickel sulfide nanoparticles (NPs) were grown on AlMCM-41 matrix by using ion exchange method. The prepared samples were irradiated by thermalized neutron that emitted from Am-Be source up to fluencies (7.9+E9n/cm2). After that, X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform...

ER and ER serve classically as transcription factors, and ER also mediates nongenomic responses to E2 such as the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). In contrast, the nongenomic capacities of endogenous ER are poorly understood. We evaluated eNOS activation by E2 in cultured endothelial cells that express endogenous ER to determine whether the ER isoform has nongenomic actio...

A new family of very fast stream ciphers called COS (for “crossing over system”) has been proposed by Filiol and Fontaine, and seems to have been adopted for at least one commercial standard. In this note we show that the COS ciphers are very weak indeed — it requires negligible effort to reconstruct the state of the keystream generator from a very small amount of known keystream.

In this paper we present the design and implementation of a system that exploits well-known design patterns to facilitate construction of an extensible system for comparison and visualization of ordering methodologies for class-based testing of C++ applications. Using our implementation, we present a comparative study and evaluation of two advanced ordering methodologies: the edge based approac...

The possible involvement of estrogen receptors (ERs) and testicular orphan nuclear receptors (TRs) in human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) has been suggested, but their precise roles and their relationship remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether TR4-associated protein 16 (TRA16) regulates the ERβ and TR2 pathways and...

As a trace gas involved in hydration during plant photosynthesis, carbonyl sulfide (COS) and its leaf relative uptake rate (LRU) is used to reduce the uncertainties simulations of gross primary productivity (GPP). In this study, 101 independent observations were collected from 22 studies. We extracted LRU, stomatal conductance (gs), canopy COS carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes, relevant environmental...