The equations of motion are solved numerically for a Boussinesq fluid with infinite Prandtl number in a square 2-D box where the viscosity increases with depth. Three heating modes are employed: bottom heating, internal heating, and half bottom and half internal heating. In all cases the boundaries are free slip. The range of Rayleigh numbers employed is 10-107. The viscosity increases as 10{3(...

in the present study, natural convective heat transfer in a partitioned square cavity utilizing nanofluids is studied. the vertical left and right walls are considered as the hot and cold walls, respectively and the partitions assumed to be adiabatic. the nanofluid used in this study is al2o3 with the volume fraction of 20%. it is assumed that nanofluid is a single phase fluid. fluent 6.3.26 is...

Thermal radiation from finite-conductivity boundaries can strongly affect the stability of horizontally unbounded, plane fluid layers heated from below. The role of thermal radiation in plane layer instabilities is studied under the assumption that the fluid medium is transparent, as a model of infrared transfer through gas layers. The solution procedure modifies a previous formulation of the c...

Laboratory experiments investigating turbulent Rayleigh-Benard convection (RBC) have nearly always been confined to cylindrical cells of small diameter-to-height aspect ratio Γ (typically 1/2). The motivation for this has been that the governing control parameter, the Rayleigh Number Ra, depends on the cube of the height, and so laboratory experiments have been made as tall as possible, which f...

In the present paper a simple dynamical model for computing the osmotically driven fluid flow in a variety of complex, non equilibrium situations is derived from first principles. Using the Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation, the basic equations describing the process of forward osmosis have been obtained. It has been shown that these equations are very similar to the ones used to model the free...

We show that the P u (!) / ! ?7=3 shear velocity power spectrum gives rise to a P (!) / ! ?4=3 power spectrum for a passively advected scalar, as measured in experiment high Rayleigh number Rayleigh Benard ow, we can account for the measured scaling exponents equally well as the Bolgiano Obukhov theory (BO59). Yet, of the two explanations , only the shear approach might be able to explain why n...