Apart from u s i n g 0.005% concentration, the recommended f i e l d dose of 0.025% of the anticoagulant is used along w i t h an alternate food for i n d i v i d u a l rats for a varying number of days. Those that had survived were taken as tolerant, provided they showed an mg/kg intake beyond the tolerance l i m i t , survived a s i x days of feeding, e x h i b i t e d b a i t shyness and d i...

Several aspects of the ecology of Rattus exufans are revie:ved in an effort to collate a large proportion of the widely scattered hterature relatillg. to the species. Subspecific relationships are discuss~d to illustrate the early. Co~fu~lOn. regarding taxonomic position. Literature covenng R. exula~s.geog~aphicdistnb~tlOn, habitat, nutrition, reproduction, movements, and competltlon With other...

Isolation of Leptospira from the kidneys of Rattus rattus wroughtoni hinton, Rattus rattus rufescens, Bandicota bengalensis and Bandicota indica was attempted in Bangalore in southern India. In total, 296 spirochaetes were isolated from 1,348 kidney cultures (an isolation rate of 22%). A batch of fifty-six isolates from India was identified, based on serological and polymerase chain reaction an...

Estrous synchrony was tested using 10 pairs of sibling female rats (Rattus norvegicus). A Monte Carlo bootstrap simulation was used to construct random control groups to avoid previous statistical errors and to test for significance when there are irregular cycles. The 10 pairs of females did not exhibit estrous synchrony. The effect of cycle irregularity on the limits of synchrony was analyzed...

Roof rats (Rattus rattus) and deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) are occasional pests of nut and tree fruit orchards throughout California and in many other parts of the USA and beyond. In general, the most practical and cost-effective control method for rodents in many agricultural environments is the use of rodenticides (toxic baits), but little or no information exists on the efficacy of cur...

Comparative efficacy of brodifacoum, bromadialone (second-generation single-dose anticoagulant) was evaluated in a coconut crop on Minicoy Island. Preand postrodent control relative levels of rodent populations and damages were recorded as indices for assessing effectiveness of different concentrations and different bait formulations of three rodenticides. The black rat, Rattus rattus (Linnaeus...

Understanding why some exotic species become widespread and abundant in their colonised range is a fundamental issue that still needs to be addressed. Among many hypotheses, newly established host populations may benefit from a parasite loss ("enemy release" hypothesis) through impoverishment of their original parasite communities or reduced infection levels. Moreover, the fitness of competing ...