Small satellites have challenging size weight and power requirements for communications modules, which we address here by using chip-scale light-emitting diode (LED) transmitters single-photon avalanche receivers. Data rates of 100 Mb/s been demonstrated at a sensitivity ?55.2 dBm, simulations with supporting experimental work indicate ranges in excess 1 km are feasible directional gain up to 5...

In this paper, we elaborate a formula for determining the optimal strike price for a bond put option, used to hedge a position in a bond. This strike price is optimal in the sense that it minimizes, for a given budget, either Value-at-Risk or Tail Value-at-Risk. Formulas are derived for both zero-coupon and coupon bonds, which can also be understood as a portfolio of bonds. These formulas are v...

with the advent of digitalization, information and communications technology facilities have become an indispensable part of education especially at the universities. this study has been undertaken with dual purposes - to find the existing scenario of information and communications technology facilities and to gauge the perception of the students onthe quality of those facilities - at the unive...

The term structure of interest rates is the primary transmission channel of monetary policy. Under the expectations hypothesis, anticipated settings of the short-term interest rate controlled by the central bank are the main determinants of nominal bond rates. Historical experience suggests that bond rates may remain relatively high even if the short-term interest rate is reduced to zero, in pa...

Nowadays, mobile devices demand multimedia services such as video communications due to the advances in mobile communications systems (such us 4G) and the integration of video cameras into mobile devices. However, these devices have some limitations of computing power, resources and complexity constraints for performing complex algorithms. For this reason, in order to establish a video communic...

Visible-light communications (VLC) is a technology for wireless communication using light that can be perceived by the naked eye. VLC uses frequencies other than radio, and they are unrestricted and licence free. In recent years, optical wireless communication (OWC) for short ranges (up to 10’s of meters) has experienced increasing interest amongst researchers. Currently, Siemens Corporate Tech...

Inter-vehicle communications (IVC) consists in a real application of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) and is part of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). An overview of IVC is presented. To guarantee IVC effectiveness, attention must be paid to one of the most important component of the system: the driver and the way he/her receives crucial information. A brief summary of the communicatio...