Syntaxin, a protein required for the docking of synaptic vesicles, may be involved in the manifestation of synaptic plasticity. The possible involvement of syntaxin in epileptogenesis was investigated by assessing the expression levels of syntaxin1B/GR33 mRNA by in situ hybridization at different stages of hippocampal kindling epileptogenesis and after the induction of generalized seizures. Den...

OBJECTIVE(S) A growing interest has recently been attracted towards the identification of plant-based medications including those with protective effects against cognitive impairment. Sesamol has shown promising antioxidant and neuroprotective effects, therefore, we aimed to evaluate its therapeutic potential in epilepsy which is commonly associated with oxidative stress and cognitive impairmen...

This study aims to establish a rat epileptic model by basolateral amygdala (BLA) kindling and evaluate its feasibility. Forty male rats were randomly divided into blank group (5 rats; no electrode insertion), sham-operated group (5 rats; the electrodes were inserted in BLA, without electrical stimulation) and kindling group (30 rats; the electrodes were inserted in BLA; the electrical stimulati...

Numerous studies have been performed to examine gene expression patterns in the rodent hippocampus in the kindling model of epilepsy. However, recent reviews of this literature have revealed limited agreement among studies. Because this conclusion was based on retrospective comparison of reported "hit lists" from individual studies, we hypothesized that re-analysis of the original expression da...

Introduction Research on life stress in bipolar disorder largely fails to account for the possibility of a dynamic relationship between psychosocial and episode initiation. The kindling hypothesis states that over course recurrent affective disorders, there is weakening temporal major initiation could reflect either progressive sensitization or autonomy stress. Objectives To explore concept Kin...

Introduction: Considering the antiepileptogenic effects of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), the effect of rTMS applied during amygdala kindling on spontaneous activity of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons was investigated. Materials and Methods: A tripolar electrode was inserted in basolateral amygdala of Male Wistar rats. After a recovery period, animals received daily kindl...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Hot water epilepsy (HWE) is well recognized reflex epilepsy with possible genetic susceptibility. Rat model and human experimentation had proven that HWE is a type of hyperthermic seizure with possible kindling on repeated stimulation in animals. The present study was undertaken to investigate kindling associated with hyperthermic seizures induced by repeated hot water s...

BACKGROUND Epileptogenesis is regarded as a complicated and relatively poorly understood phenomenon. Some of immediate early genes (IEGs) as egr1 (zif268) or arc (arg3.1) are believed to play an important role in the process of epileptogenesis. However, how these genes are engaged in epilepsy is not fully elucidated. METHODS In this study, we sought to explore how the spread of epileptiform a...

Kindling phenomenon (an experimental model of acquired epilepsy) and long-term potentiation (LTP) have many features in common. LTP is associated with an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration where intracellular Ca(2+) stores play an important role. Dantrolene has an inhibitory action against Ca(2+) release from intracellular Ca(2+) stores. This substance has been reported to inhibit t...