image segmentation is an important task in image processing and computer vision which attract many researchers attention. there are a couple of information sets pixels in an image: statistical and structural information which refer to the feature value of pixel data and local correlation of pixel data, respectively. markov random field (mrf) is a tool for modeling statistical and structural inf...

In this paper, using generalized {polya} urn models we find the expected value of the size of a branch in recursive $k$-ary trees. We also find the expectation of the number of nodes of a given outdegree in a branch of such trees.

A random walk on a lattice is one of the most fundamental models in probability theory. When the random walk is inhomogenous and its inhomogeniety comes from an ergodic stationary process, the walk is called a random walk in a random environment (RWRE). The basic questions such as the law of large numbers (LLN), the central limit theorem (CLT), and the large deviation principle (LDP) are ...

In this paper, we investigate a new type of random $F$-contraction and obtain a common random fixed point theorem for a pair of self stochastic mappings in a separable Banach space. The existence of a unique solution for nonlinear fractional random differential equation is proved under suitable conditions.

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in this paper, we prove the hyers-ulam stability of the symmetric functionalequation $f(ph_1(x,y))=ph_2(f(x), f(y))$ in random normed spaces. as a consequence, weobtain some random stability results in the sense of hyers-ulam-rassias.