This paper aims to investigate the effect of acceleration on the discomfort of standing passengers. The acceleration levels from different public rail transport lines such as the mass rapid transits (MRTs) and light rail transits (LRTs) of Singapore, as well as the associated qualitative data indicating the discomfort of standing passengers are collected and analyzed. Based on a logistic regres...

An opamp design with outside-rail output relaxing a lowvoltage constraint on future scaled transistors is presented. The proposed opamp realizes 3-V output swing without gate-oxide stress although implemented in a 1.8-V 0.18-μm standard CMOS process. The 3-V-output operation is experimentally verified. The outside-rail output design with scaled transistors shows area advantage over un-scaled an...

Rails (family Rallidae) are vulnerable to the impacts of invasive mammals, and this is particularly true for species on oceanic islands. The endemic Galápagos rail (Laterallus spilonotus) is no exception; previous studies suggested that Galápagos rail populations were heavily impacted due to predation by pigs (Sus scrofa) and habitat degradation by goats (Capra hircus). Following recent conserv...

This paper addresses the difficulty of designing 1-V capable analog circuits in standard digital complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Design techniques for facilitating 1-V operation are discussed and 1-V analog building block circuits are presented. Most of these circuits use the bulk-driving technique to circumvent the metal– oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor t...

High-speed intercity passenger rail projects are very complex and require many years of planning and environmental activities before construction can begin. Given the complexity of planning and environmental reviews associated with high-speed intercity passenger rail corridor planning, a systematic approach for high-level screening of various alternative routings for proposed high-speed rail co...

In recent years there has been an increased effort to investigate and improve the crashworthiness of passenger rail vehicles in the United States. The structural crashworthiness requirements for new rail vehicles are changing to include specifications for crash energy management and crush zones rather than primarily specifications of vehicle and component strengths. In addition, the structural ...

The demand for safe, fast, and reliable rail services continues to be the reason for concern in all the countries across the globe. Lack of operational efficiency and reliability, safety and security issues, and aging railway systems and practices are haunting various countries to bring about a change in their existing rail infrastructure. The global rail industry struggles to meet the increasi...

Z. Popović, L. Lazarević, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia V. Radović, University of Montenegro, Faculty of Civil Engineering in Podgorica, Montenegro V. Vukadinović, Serbian Railways, Belgrade, Serbia G. Tepić, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Novi Sad, Serbia Rail defects due to rolling contact fatigue (RCF) threaten the traffi c saf...

Considerable yet largely unexpected growth in passenger rail demand has occurred recently in Australian capital cities. This article uses historical data, together with modern time series methods, to examine empirically the factors that might have contributed to growth in passenger rail demand in Melbourne, Australia, and to gain greater insight into the relationships between the various explan...

Motivation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) experiments now span hundreds to thousands of samples. Current spliced alignment software is designed to analyze each sample separately. Consequently, no information is gained from analyzing multiple samples together, and it requires extra work to obtain analysis products that incorporate data from across samples. Results We describe Rail-RNA, a cloud-enabl...