Background: Alpinia galanga L. belonging to the family Zingiberaceae is widely grown in the state of Kerala, India. They are effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger under both in vitro and in vivo condition. The efficacy of the isolated flavonoids in conferring protection from radiation induced damages to genomic DNA was studied. Materials and Methods: The bioflavonoids, galangin and k...

Astaxanthin is a coloring agent which is used as a feed additive in aquaculture nutrition. Recently, potential health benefits of astaxanthin have been discussed which may be partly related to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. Our electron spin resonance (ESR) and spin trapping data suggest that synthetic astaxanthin is a potent free radical scavenger in terms of diphenylp...

The free radical scavenging activity of Trolox was studied for aqueous and lipid environments using the Density Functional Theory. Several reaction mechanisms and free radicals of different chemical nature have been included in this study, as well as the influence of the pH. Trolox was found to be a powerful ˙OH and alkoxy scavenger, regardless of the conditions under which the reaction takes p...

In order to get insight into the trypanocidal mechanism of action of a series of 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones some studies related to their bioreduction were performed. Electron spin resonance spectra of radicals generated in T. cruzi by compounds' bioreduction were analyzed. Three different patterns of ESR signals were observed for the different assayed compounds. These results w...

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for the purpose of anti-inflammation, antipyretic, and analgesia. For this aim, they are used for the alleviation of pain, fever, and inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis, sports injuries, and temporary pain. However, treatment with NSAIDs may be accompanied by adverse effects such as gastrointestinal damage and platelet...

Genipin, the multipotent ingredient in Gardenia jasmenoides fruit extract (GFE), may be an effective candidate for treatment following stroke or traumatic brain injury (TBI). Secondary injury includes damage mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which can alter the biological function of key cellular structures and eventually lead to cell death. In this ...

The reactions of melatonin (MLT) with hydroxyl and several peroxyl radicals have been studied using the Density Functional Theory, specifically the M05-2X functional. Five mechanisms of reaction have been considered: radical adduct formation (RAF), Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), single electron transfer (SET), sequential electron proton transfer (SEPT) and proton coupled electron transfer (PCET)...

Photosensitive dyes representative of the thiazines, xanthenes, acridines, and phenazines mediated phototoxicity in Escherichia coli B. The observed phototoxicity was sensitizer-, light-, and oxygen-dependent and is therefore a photodynamic effect. Hydroxyl radical scavengers conferred protection against the photodynamic action of all of the representative dyes. The extent of protection was dep...

Ageing and age-related neurodegenerative disorders, which are associated with free radical generation, may cause impairment of learning and memory in animals and human beings. Rutin, a bioflavonoid, is a potent free radical scavenger. Present study was designed to investigate the effect of rutin (30mg and 40mg/Kg i.p.) in 6, 9 and 12 months old mice and on sodium nitrite (75mg/kg i.p.) induced ...

The roles played by superoxide anion radical (O,J, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radical (OH.) in the macromolecular permeability increase seen after addition of xanthine oxidase to the hamster cheek pouch has been studied. Fluorescein-labeled Dextran, l& 150,000 (FITC-Dextran 150) was used to assess microvascular permeability. Application of xanthine oxidase was associated with a marked incr...