AIMS The use of live animals for surgical training is a well-known, deliberated topic. However, medical students who use live animals rate the experience high not only in improving their surgical techniques, but also positively influencing their confidence levels in the operating room later in their careers. Therefore, we hypothesized that the use of live animal models is a unique and influenti...

BACKGROUND Lymphedema is the major complication following breast cancer treatment and can persist long periods of time and affect breast cancer survivors' quality of life. Accurate estimation of the risk factors for lymphedema is of significant importance. In this article we report the factors for secondary lymphedema among postmenopausal breast cancer patients after radical mastectomy in China...

BACKGROUND Seroma formation is the most frequent postoperative complication after breast cancer surgery. We carried out a study to investigate the effect of various demographic, clinical and therapeutic variables on seroma formation. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective cross sectional study of patients who underwent surgical therapy for breast cancer with either modified radical mastectomy (...

Male breast cancer is an uncommon disease accounting for only 1% of all breast cancers. We present the evaluation, treatment and outcome of male patients seen with breast cancer in our institution. Male patients that had histological diagnosis of breast cancer from 2001 to 2010 were retrospectively evaluated. After evaluation patients were treated with modified radical mastectomy. Combination c...

The flexible laryngeal mask airway (FLMA) is becoming more and more popular in general anesthesia during surgery of head, neck and upper chest. But very limited information has been published about whether muscle relaxant was necessary or not for anesthesia with FLMA. To investigate whether low-dose muscle relaxant is necessary in preventing ventilation leak of FLMA in radical mastectomy, forty...

BACKGROUND Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast usually metastasizes to the lungs, liver, bones and brain. Solitary adrenal metastasis is extremely rare. Due to the rarity of this condition, the optimal treatment is unclear. We report the first case of IDC of the breast metastasizing solely to the adrenal gland after a modified radical mastectomy but having a long-term disease-free sur...

OBJECTIVE Upper limb lymphedema is a common complication after radical mastectomy in patients with breast cancer. In this study, we examined the efficacy of self-manual lymph drainage (MLD) after modified radical mastectomy for the prevention of upper limb lymphedema, scar formation, or shoulder joint dysfunction in breast cancer patients. METHODS Breast cancer patients scheduled for modified...

INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females. It is the most common cause of cancer-related death among women with fatality rates highest in low-income countries. The aim of this study is to determine the socio-demographic and clinical profile of patients with immunohistochemically confirmed breast cancer in a Nigerian tertiary health institution. METHODS Patients with immu...

Diagnostic technologies for breast masses have evolved to a point where small lesions are routinely detected. Open surgical biopsies are rarely currently used for the diagnosis of breast abnormalities. Diagnosis and prognosis can be easily assessed by imaging-guided needle biopsy of most of the abnormalities. Along with the advancing diagnostic technology in breast cancer, finding minimally inv...