Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) accounts formore than 50%of thyroid cancermortality and is generally refractory to conventional treatment. On the basis of recent studies, we hypothesized thatATCmetabolism can be targeted to improve response to chemoradiotherapy. Eight established and authenticated ATC cell lines were sequenced at 140 sites contained within 26 commonly mutated genes to identi...

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) accounts for more than 50% of thyroid cancer mortality and is generally refractory to conventional treatment. On the basis of recent studies, we hypothesized that ATC metabolism can be targeted to improve response to chemoradiotherapy. Eight established and authenticated ATC cell lines were sequenced at 140 sites contained within 26 commonly mutated genes to i...

Although much progress has been made in treating cancers, cancer death rates in and around the United States are still high. Current treatments are either ineffective against some cancers or detrimental to patients, which decreases their quality of life. The use of nanotechnology in cancer therapy can potentially increase patient survival, reduce side effects, and reduce mortality rates because...

Radiotherapy and radiology have been indispensable components in cancer care for many years. The detection limit of small tumor foci as well as the development of radio-resistance and severe side effects towards normal tissues led to the development of strategies to improve radio-diagnostic and -therapeutic approaches by pharmaceuticals. The term "radiopharmaceutical" has been used for drugs la...

Despite the recent advances in the management of cervical cancer using cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy, substantial treatment failure still occurs, especially in advanced-stage patients and early-stage cervical cancer patients with high-risk prognostic factors. Therefore, efforts to further improve the survival and quality of life of these patients are necessary. Nedaplatin (cis-di...

First line chemotherapeutics for brain tumors (malignant gliomas) are alkylating agents such as temozolomide and nimustine. Despite growing knowledge of how these agents work, patients suffering from this malignancy still face a dismal prognosis. Alkylating agents target DNA, forming the killing lesion O(6)-alkylguanine, which is converted into DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) that trigger apopt...

HeLa cells cocultured with human diploid fibroblasts developed a more stable and tightly packed spheroid than did HeLa cells alone. Mature spheroids with central necrosis resembled the cord structure of solid tumors in histological appearance and distribution of cells labeled by [3H]thymidine. Electron microscopy showed that HeLa cells in the spheroid are in close contact with each other and ha...

Specific metabolic properties of hypoxic (and therefore radio-resistant) tumour cells are responsible for the selective effect of radiosensitizers (such as misonidazole) and hyperthermia upon these cells in respect of radiosensitization as well as cytotoxicity. Radiosensitizers and hyperthermia should therefore be used to improve the results of tumour radiotherapy; enhancement ratios of 2-4 hav...

Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with small molecule inhibitors or monoclonal antibodies in combination with chemotherapy and radiation is a theoretically appealing strategy in pancreatic cancer. EGFR inhibitors have shown efficacy as radiosensitizers and activity against metastatic pancreatic cancer when combined with gemcitabine. This paper examines the available clinical...