Analysis of spatial and temporal changes long-term precipitation extreme distribution at a local scale is very important for the prevention mitigation water-related disasters. In present study, we have analyzed trend 116 years (1901–2016) index over Kosi River Basin (KRB), which one frequent flooding rivers India, using 0.25° × resolution gridded datasets obtained from Indian Meteorological Dep...

This paper examines the influence of public greenspace on the life satisfaction of residents of Australia’s capital cities. A positive relationship is found between the percentage of public greenspace in a resident’s local area and their self-reported life satisfaction. On average, it is found that a resident has an implicit willingness-to-pay of $1,168 in annual household income for a one-per-...

This article uses a unique data set on private homeowners’ observed investments in defensible space for 35 wildland-urban interface (WUI) communities in Nevada to analyze how the appropriate policy to promote defensible space, if any, should differ between WUI communities. To analyze this issue, we assess the extent to which three prominent explanations for homeowner underinvestment in defensib...

The present study investigated the effect of rumen fluid (RF) concentration on the methane production through anaerobic digestion of wheat straw in batch mode, and compared the microbial communities in RF and RF inoculated reactors by 16S rRNA genes sequencing. Six levels of RF concentration including 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% (v/v) were used in reactors R1, R5, R10, R15, R20 and R25 respec...

Municipalities introduced unit-based pricing (UBP) with the aim of achieving a decrease in household waste generation and for the replacement of unsorted waste with recycling. Although many studies have shown that UBP has a short-run effect on recycling, few works have tackled the long-run effect on waste generation and recycling. By using panel data for 665 Japanese cities over 8 years, we exa...

Distance and location are important determinants of many choices that economists study. While these variables can sometimes be obtained from secondary data, economists often rely on information that is self-reported by respondents in surveys. These self-reports are used especially for the distance from households or community centers to various features such as roads, markets, schools, clinics ...

BACKGROUND Impulse oscillometry (IOS) has previously been proposed to provide greater sensitivity than spirometry when employed with indirect bronchoprovocation testing for the diagnosis of airway dysfunction in athletes. However, this recommendation is based on a highly selected population of symptomatic patients. OBJECTIVE To compare IOS, spirometry and respiratory symptoms following indire...

Drawing on individual-level mobility data from Germany between 1996 and 2009, this analysis econometrically investigates the determinants of automobile, public transit, and non-motorized travel against the backdrop of two questions: 1) Does gender play a role in determining the relative use of motor and non-motorized modes? 2) If so, how is this role mitigated or exacerbated by other socioecono...

BACKGROUND The Nippy Clearway is a new mechanical insufflation-exsufflation device used to assist cough. METHODS We compared the peak expiratory flow (PEF) with the Nippy Clearway versus the CoughAssist in a bench experiment. The relationship between PEF and pressure at the airway opening during exsufflation (minimum expiratory PAO) was investigated under 6 combinations of compliance (30 or 6...