Logical information theory is the quantitative version of the logic of partitions just as logical probability theory is the quantitative version of the dual Boolean logic of subsets. The resulting notion of information is about distinctions, differences, and distinguishability, and is formalized as the distinctions of a partition (a pair of points distinguished by the partition). All the defini...

Almost all modern communication systems rely on electromagnetic fields as a means of information transmission, and finding the capacities of these systems is a problem of significant practical importance. The Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel is often a good approximate description of such systems, and its capacity is given by a simple formula. However, when quantum effects are impor...

in this work, we have studied the solvent effects on values of gibbs free energy, enthalpy. entropy and dipolemoment in spread of solvents around anticancer thug of temreolomide that is an alighting agent. for thispurpose, the quantum mechanic calculations bawd on hanrertnick theory at the sto-36/3-2ith levels havebeen done. moreover, we have compared resulted thermodynamic values in gas phase ...

1. The Physics of Information 2 2. Thermodynamics 4 2.1. The laws 5 2.2. Free energy 8 3. Statistical mechanics 9 3.1. Definitions and postulates 10 3.2. Counting microstates for a system of magnetic spins 11 3.3. The Maxwell-Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution 12 3.4. Free energy revisited 13 3.5. Gibbs entropy 13 4. Nonlinear dynamics 15 4.1. The ergodic hypothesis 16 4.2. Chaos and limits to predic...

The operational structure of quantum couplings and entanglements is studied and classified for semifinite von Neumann algebras. We show that the classical-quantum correspondences such as quantum encodings can be treated as diagonal semi-classical (d-) couplings, and the entanglements characterized by truly quantum (q-) couplings, can be regarded as truly quantum encodings. The relative entropy ...

We show that the recent discovery of negative (conditional) quantum entropy reveals that measurement in quantum mechanics is not accompanied by the collapse of a wavefunction or a quantum jump. Rather, quantum measurement appears as a sequence of unitary operations which are reversible in principle , although ususally not in practice. The probabilistic nature of quantum measurement emerges from...