In the last decade, various molecular methods (e.g., fluorescent hybridization assay, sandwich hybridization assay, automatized biosensor detection, real-time PCR assay) have been developed and implemented for accurate and specific identification and estimation of marine toxic microalgal species. This review focuses on the recent quantitative real-time PCR (qrt-PCR) technology developed for the...

The transcription of mammalian genomes exhibits an intriguing complexity and numerous novel RNA molecules have been identified. Viruses with large DNA genomes, especially herpesviruses, generate many different species, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Dense viral can multigenic transcripts in addition to commonly observed antisense transcripts. It is essential study the biological role...

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third common cause of malignancy in Iran, and its incidence rate has been raised due to an increase individual environmental risk factors. Objectives: The present study aimed define role human papillomavirus (HPV) infection CRC, then by drawing a phylogenetic tree, we analysis sequences isolated HPVs, finally determine viral genome physical status for ...

Clinical staging of cervical lymph nodes from patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) has only 50% accuracy compared with definitive pathologic assessment. Consequently, both clinically positive and clinically negative patients frequently undergo neck dissections that may not be necessary. To address this potential overtreatment, sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is cu...

Dysregulated microRNA (miRNA) expression is observed during type 2 diabetes (T2D), although the consistency of miRNA expression across measurement platform and biological source is uncertain. Here we report miRNA profiling in the whole blood and serum of South African women with different levels of glucose tolerance, using next generation sequencing (NGS) and quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR...

Abstract Background Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz is a well-known medicinal plant containing the major bioactive compound, atractylodin, sesquiterpenoid. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis demonstrated that atractylodin was most abundant in 3-year old A. rhizome, compared with those from 1- and 2-year rhizomes, however, molecular mechanisms underlying accumulation of rh...