Abstract This paper identifies the materials used to make a brocade belt belonging Qajar courtiers in Iran. consists of two fabric types: red support and golden brocade. Accordingly, this examined skin tannin type, fiber types, dyeing agents, mordant, metal wrapping yarns buckle. Technical imaging, ESI–MS, FORS, FTIR SEM–EDS were identify materials. Multi-band imaging methods included Vis, UVL,...

in persian society, illustrators and skilled portraitists developed a particular method of painting in qajar era, a period in which artwork and historical treasures can be considered among the best, especially in painting and they reflect the tastes of kings and social circumstances of that time. one of the best works of that time is illustrated pen cases created mainly in tehran, shiraz and is...

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prevalence of contagious diseases through foreign passengers and crews is one the serious problems in big ports. in the late qajar period, bushehr port became an important port because of military, political and economical reasons. in this time, some diseases such as plague and cholera prevailed in some iran’s neighbor countries like india and iraq and spread in bushehr by passengers and crews....