Different species and genotypes of Miscanthus were analysed to determine the influence of genotypic variation and harvest time on cell wall composition and the products which may be refined via pyrolysis. Wet chemical, thermo-gravimetric (TGA) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) methods were used to identify the main pyrolysis products and determine the extent to which...

Sensitivity of piezoelectric-diaphragm type ultrasonic microsensors were investigated with sol-gel derived lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) films prepared through various pyrolysis temperatures. The residual stress of the PZT film should be precisely controlled because the sensor diaphragms show static deflection by buckling and highly sensitive sensors have been realized on upward-buckled diaphra...

Coconut is a high-quality agricultural product of the Asia-Pacific region. In this paper, coconut shell which mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin was used as a raw material for coconut shell oil from coconut shell pyrolysis. The influence of the pyrolysis temperature, heating rate and particle size on coconut oil yield was investigated, and the effect of heating rate on coconut ...

the present investigation entails a procedure by which the surface tension and viscosity of liquids could be redicted.to this end, capillary experiments were performed for porous media by utilizing fifteen different liquids and powders. the time of capillary rise to a certain known height of each liquid in a particular powder was recorded. two artificial neural networks (anns) were designed and...

This work pioneers the thermocatalytic conversion of tagua seeds (or ivory nut) from palm Phytelephas aequatorialis into key chemical building blocks, being levoglucosenone, furfural and levomannosan. Annually, ca. 100,000 metric ton those are produced in Ecuador. Mannan (a mannose-polymer similar to cellulose) is main constituent tagua. Thermocatalytic conversions were first explored on analyt...

Biochars produced by pyrolysis at high temperatures under oxygen limited conditions can contain both well-known contaminants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), potentially toxic elements (PTEs), dioxins, volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) and emerging (e.g., persistent free radicals, metal cyanide). Their potential to induce phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity, neurotoxicity highlight the need e...

Seeking a clean alternative energy resource is inevitable because of the limited fossil fuel energy resources and greenhouse gas emissions issue. Recently, advances in chemical and fuel processing technologies allow us to convert biomass to energy products with high energy density and value. Fast pyrolysis process is among the promising technologies for converting biomass to bio-oil and combust...

Measurement of inorganics present in biomass fast pyrolysis liquids has been scarcely investigated the literature. In this work several analytical methods based on different sample preparations were and applied a set nine covering wide range contents that have measured using an ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer) analyser. Several required mineralisation first ste...

The catalytic co-pyrolysis of a seaweed biomass, Laminaria japonica, and a typical polymer material, polypropylene, was studied for the first time. A mesoporous material Al-SBA-15 was used as a catalyst. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted using a fixed-bed reactor and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). BET surface area, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, and NH3 tempe...

In the present study, a mathematical model to describe the pyrolysis of a single solid particle of biomass is used to study the influence of particle size and temperature in the pyrolysis of biomass. The pyrolysis rate has been simulated by a kinetic scheme involving three reactions (primary and secondary): two parallel reactions and a third for secondary interactions between volatile and gaseo...