ATP-driven proton pumps, which are critical to the operation of a cell, maintain cytosolic and organellar pH levels within a narrow functional range. These pumps employ two very different mechanisms: an elaborate rotary mechanism used by V-ATPase H+ pumps, and a simpler alternating access mechanism used by P-ATPase H+ pumps. Why are two different mechanisms used to perform the same function? Sy...

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of heat pumps in total site heat integration. It will be shown how heat pumps can help de-bottleneck heat transfer so that maximum energy savings are attained. Non-linear targeting models to get maximum cost savings and optimum heat pumping temperature levels are presented. Finally, the paper describes optimal solutions with heat pumps that do no...

The paper present some solutions regarding the electrochimical pumps developed to Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava. Electrochimical pumps with liquid present some advantages, such as: constructive simplicity, low power consumption.

Active efflux from procaryotic as well as eucaryotic cells strongly modulates the activity of a large number of antibiotics. Effective antibiotic transport has now been observed for many classes of drug efflux pumps. Thus, within the group of primary active transporters, predominant in eucaryotes, six families belonging to the ATP-binding cassette superfamily, and including the P-glycoprotein i...

We study the current noise through an unbiased quantum electron pump and its mesoscopic fluctuations for arbitrary temperatures and beyond the bilinear response. In the bilinear regime, we find the full distributions of the noise power and the current-to-noise ratio for chaotic quantum dots with single-channel and many-channel ballistic point contacts. For a dot with many-channel point contacts...

The ability to form tiny droplets of liquids and control their movements is important in printing or patterning, chemical reactions and biological assays. So far, such nanofluidic capabilities have principally used components such as channels, nozzles or tubes, where a solid encloses the transported liquid. Here, we show that liquids can flow along the outer surface of solid nanowires at a scal...

The following paper outlines the working principles of sputter-ion pumps. The pumping mechanisms for reactive and inert gas species, as well as argon instability are explained. The operating pressure range, special designs for integrated linear pumps in accelerators and operational aspects are discussed.

We have established semiclassical kinetic equations for various spin correlated pumping phenomena incorporating spin rotation in wave functions. We employ this technique to study topological pumps and illustrate spin pumping in a few models where various spin configurations or topological motors drive adiabatic pumps. In the Rashba model we find that a topological spin pump is driven by a meron...

Since there is no detailed hospital based incident reporting system, this study was designed to evaluate the medication errors associated with infusion pumps in intensive care unit (ICU). The investigation was conducted in a Teaching hospital in the form of a prospective, observational study. A sample size of 43 doses administered to ICU patients was chosen to enable reliable estimate of error ...