This article presents a new type of low-energy crossed-beam electron spectrometer for measuring angular differential cross sections of electron-impact excitation of atomic and molecular targets. Designed for investigations at energies close to excitation thresholds, the spectrometer combines a pulsed electron beam with the time-of-flight technique to distinguish between scattering channels. A l...

To test the hypothesis that early steroid pulsing augments the efficacy and decreases the toxicity of chrysotherapy 40 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were studied in a double blind, placebo controlled study. During the first three months of gold treatment group 1 received monthly intravenous methylprednisolone pulsing (steroid group) while group 2 received placebo (placebo group). All patie...

Electric field-mediated gene transfer in mammalian cells (electrotransformation) depends on the pulsing conditions (field intensity, pulse duration, number of pulses). The effect of these parameters was systematically investigated using the transient expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and the beta-galactosidase activities in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Pulsing conditions induc...

Skin electroporation has great potential for topical delivery of oligonucleotides. Controled therapeutic levels of an intact phosphorothioate oligonucleotide (PS) can be reached in the viable tissue of the skin. The aim of this work was to investigate the transport mechanisms of a PS in hairless rat skin by electroporation, and hence to allow optimization of oligonucleotides (ONs) topical deliv...

Lasing without inversion ~LWI! in specific models of closed three-level systems is analyzed in terms of nonlinear dynamics. From a linear stability analysis of the trivial nonlasing solution of the homogeneously broadened systems with on-resonance driving and laser fields, we find that, near lasing threshold, resonant closed L and V schemes yield continuous-wave LWI while resonant cascade schem...

Thirty ununited tibial fractures with a median time since injury of 18±9 months were treated by electrical stimulation using pulsing electromagnetic field therapy. Union was achieved in 25 cases(83.3%)in a median interval of 8.6±3.2 months. Patient age and gender, the presence of surgical hardware, length of disability, and the number of surgical procedures did not affect the outcome. Ununited ...

The bias-pumped gain-switched fiber laser proposed by us is considered a novel pulsed fiber laser based on a new pulsing mechanism. With a certain signal power seeding, synchronization of temporal evolution can be kept between the output signal laser and the pump. The seed laser can be supplied conveniently by a CW pump power which is named bias pump power. A pulsed pump is responsible for shap...

The influence of emission parameters in low-level-light therapy on cellular responses is not yet fully understood. This study assessed the impact of various light delivery modes on collagen production in human primary fibroblast cultured in monolayers after three treatments with red light-emitting diode illumination (630 nm, 8 J/cm(2)). Human type I collagen was measured in cell culture superna...