BACKGROUND Seasonal distribution of blood donation hinders efforts to provide a safe and adequate blood supply leading to chronic and persistent shortages. This study examined whether holidays, geographical area and donation type (community versus replacement) has any impact on the fluctuation of donations. METHODS The numbers of blood donations from 2007 through 2010 in three Brazilian Retro...

QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY The risk of transfusion-transmitted HBV remains significant in Switzerland, where routine screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in blood donations relies solely on serological hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) testing. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of anti-hepatitis B core (anti-HBc) and HBV nucleic acid testing (NAT) positive donations in two diffe...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In Lithuania, remuneration for whole blood donations still prevails, with the government covering payment for the donors. The payment per donation in cash is equal to 40 litas (euro11.6); it is offered to all blood donors and accepted by the majority of them. Donors who gave blood and received the payment are treated as remunerated donors; those who gave blood and did ...

introduction: iron deficiency anemia is an important limiting factor for the number of donations in regular donors. limited data is available on the iron status in iranian donors. this study was conduced to evaluate the prevalence of iron deficiency and its related factors in blood donors at shiraz blood transfusion centre in 2005. methods: this descriptive study was done on all blood donors wh...

The policies and procedures of selection, guidance and disposition of the personnel of a children's home determine its value in the social order. We are presenting, in evidence, a cumulative psychological study of a typical local or County Children's Home. Space will necessitate the reduction of much of the individual case data to a minimum. However, we shall hope to bring out of our results an...

Viet Nam has high modern contraceptive prevalence (68%), with most services received through the public sector. As the country transitions to middle-income status, Viet Nam's donors have ceased donations of contraceptive supplies, causing a large projected shortfall in the family planning budget. In response, the Ministry of Health has decided to prioritize free or subsidized contraceptives for...

Institutional altruism in the form of a public-sector intervention and support for victims and social altruism generated by mutual aid and solidarity among citizens constitute a coming together in a crisis. This coming together and mutual support precipitate a decrease in crime rates during such an event. This paper presents an analysis of daily fluctuations in crime during the prolonged ice st...

Civil societies function because people pay taxes and make charitable contributions to provide public goods. One possible motive for charitable contributions, called "pure altruism," is satisfied by increases in the public good no matter the source or intent. Another possible motive, "warm glow," is only fulfilled by an individual's own voluntary donations. Consistent with pure altruism, we fin...

We explore how the influx of foreign funding into higher education sectors United States and Kingdom has raised challenge “reputation laundering”—when donors individuals use donations to prestigious universities boost their international public image offset negative images or reported controversies back in home country. outline four pathways for reputation laundering—donations academic programs...