We performed a series of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on Nafion membranes which contain various quantities of water and methanol. The simulations gave a variety of nanoscale phase separated structures, such as cluster structures, channel structures, and cluster-channel structures. This is the first work that an atomistic MD simulation reproduced such nanoscale phase separations from rand...

Proton-motive forces are thought to be less important than sodium-motive forces in energizing animal membranes. On the supply side, proton-motive forces across mitochondrial inner membranes are well-known energizers of ATP synthesis, catalyzed by F-type ATP synthases. However, on the demand side, proton-motive forces, generated from ATP by V-ATPases, are not widely accepted as energizers of ani...

Proton transport in the aqueous environment has attracted much attention for more than a century. It is well known that protons are transported by the Grötthuss mechanism (proposed two hundred years ago), which is sometimes referred to by terms such as proton jumping and proton hopping. However, the proton transport mechanisms in constrained systems such as biological membranes, electrolyte mem...

*Correspondence: Vincenzo Tricoli , Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo L. Lazzarino, Pisa 56122, Italy e-mail: v.tricoli@diccism.unipi.it 4-Aminobenzylamine (ABA) and phosphoric acid (PA) were blended in various proportions with poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PSSA) to form a new group of membranes exhibiting proton conductance under water-free conditions. T...

Membrane bioenergetics are universal, yet the phospholipid membranes of archaea and bacteria-the deepest branches in the tree of life-are fundamentally different. This deep divergence in membrane chemistry is reflected in other stark differences between the two domains, including ion pumping and DNA replication. We resolve this paradox by considering the energy requirements of the last universa...

Shrinkage of dog red blood cells (RBC) activates a Na transport pathway that is Cl dependent, amiloride sensitive, and capable of conducting Na-proton counterflow. It is possible to establish transmembrane gradients for either Na or protons and to demonstrate that each cation species can drive reciprocal movements of the other. The nature of the coupling between Na and proton movements was inve...

A mixed proton–electron conducting perovskite was synthesized by liquid-citrate method and the corresponding membrane was prepared by pressing followed by sintering. The hydrogen permeability of BaCe0.9Yb0.1O3-δ was studied as a function of temperature and hydrogen partial pressure (PH2) gradient. Using 100% dry hydrogen at 1173 K, the hydrogen permeation rate of dense membranes (1.63 mm thick)...

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are emerging materials for electrochemical energy storage. This review summarizes recent advancements in COFs as battery/capacitor electrodes, proton conducting membranes, and ion solid-state electrolytes.

Incorporating atomically thin graphene into proton exchange membranes (PEMs) via scalable and facile processes presents the potential for advancing energy conversion storage applications while mitigating persistent issues of undesired species crossover.