PURPOSE The present study aims to evaluate a set of oxidative stress biomarkers in the amniotic fluid (AF) of women carrying Down syndrome (DS) fetuses that could prove in vivo the early occurrence of oxidative damage in DS. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To assess the extent of protein oxidation in DS AF, we measured protein carbonylation and protein-bound HNE by slot-blot analysis, total and oxidized ...

Rhodium(I)-complex [Rh(CO)2I2−] (1) catalyzed two carbonylations of methyl iodide and trimethylamine in NMP (1-methyl-2-pyrolidone) to acetic acid and DMAC (N,N-dimethylacetamide) in the presence of calcium oxide and water. The carbonylation of trimethylamine continued during the carbonylation and consumption of methyl iodide. In total, 183.8 mmol of carbonylated products was produced while con...

The transition from seed dormancy to germination is triggered by environmental factors, and in pomegranate (Punica granatum) seeds higher germination percentages are achieved by warm + cold stratification rather than by cold stratification alone. Our objective was to define the pattern of internal oxidative changes in pomegranate seeds as dormancy was being broken by warm + cold stratification ...

PURPOSE Methimazole is a drug widely used in hyperthyroidism. However, life threatening hepatotoxicity has been associated with its clinical use. No protective agent has been found to be effective against methimazole induced hepatotoxicity yet. Hence, the capacity of organosulfur compounds to protect rat hepatocytes against cytotoxic effects of methimazole and its proposed toxic metabolite, N-m...

It is presently unknown whether oxidative stress increases in disused skeletal muscle in humans. Markers of oxidative stress were investigated in biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle, collected from healthy subjects before [time 0 (T0)], after 1 wk (T8), and after 5 wk (T35) of bed rest. An 18% decrease in fiber cross-sectional area was detected in T35 biopsies (P<0.05). Carbonylation of m...

OBJECTIVE Among plasma proteins, fibrinogen represents a major target of oxidative modifications. In patients with post-acute myocardial infarction (6 months after the acute event), fibrinogen oxidation-induced carbonyls and fibrinogen function were estimated using in vitro and ex vivo approaches. Fibrinogen structural features and clot architecture were also explored. APPROACH AND RESULTS In...

INTRODUCTION Several theories have been proposed to explain the cause of 'aging'; however, the factors that affect this complex process are still poorly understood. Of these theories, the accumulation of oxidative damage over time is among the most accepted. Particularly, the heart is one of the most affected organs by oxidative stress. The current study, therefore, aimed to investigate oxidati...

Surfactant protein A (SP-A) enhances phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. SP-A1 and SP-A2 encode human (h) SP-A; SP-A2 products enhance phagocytosis more than SP-A1. Oxidation can affect SP-A function. We hypothesized that in vivo and in vitro ozone-induced oxidation of SP-A (as assessed by its carbonylation level) negatively affects its function in phagocytosis (as assessed by bacteria cell...