wireless communication is the major form of connection nowadays. in most cases it exploits the benefits of the spread spectrum techniques to overcome channel introduced corruptions like doppler residual frequency, noise, interference and jamming. these techniques also enhance the security and quality of the link. using long spreading pseudo-noise codes provides further security for the link tho...

the aim of this paper is to introduce a new approach for obtaining the numerical solution of singulary perturbed boundary value problems based on an optimal control technique. in the proposed method, first the mentioned equations are converted to an optimal control problem. then, control and state variables are approximated by chebychev series. therefore, the optimal control problem is reduced ...

This paper proposes a novel technique for solving generation scheduling and ramp rate constrained unit commitment. A modified objective function associated with a new start-up cost term is introduced in this paper. The proposed method is used to solve generating scheduling problem satisfying SRR, minimum up and down time as well as ramp rate constraints. Two case studies are conducted to imp...

In the current Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) route discovery procedure, traffic overflow and overhead may pose a major challenge for path finding between communicating nodes. Swarm intelligence technique has been applied various routing problems. We suggest an ant-based bottleneck method MANET to identify weak links in chosen delay issues. During data exchange, it selects using swarm based call...

In this paper we propose a relatively new semi-analytical technique to approximate the solution of nonlinear multi-order fractional differential equations (FDEs). We present some results concerning to the uniqueness of solution of nonlinear multi-order FDEs and discuss the existence of solution for nonlinear multi-order FDEs in reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). We further give an error a...

Background: EVD is a common procedure done in neurosurgery and the residents should master it this what exactly means that be simple, safe, fast accurate. can through many entry points to different part of lateral ventricle but famous site anterior horn which commonly approached Kocher’s point for all neurosurgeon by its measurements allocation. The commonest problem with insertion into navigat...

in this paper, a novel technique on friction aided deep drawing using tapered blank holder divided into eight segments is proposed to overcome defect of friction aided deep drawing using four segments tapered blank holder technique. a taper blank holder is designed to be of two parts: stationary part with 5 degree taper angle and moving parts divided into eight tapered segments. the main functi...