Osteoblasts mineralize bone matrix by promoting hydroxyapatite crystal formation and growth in the interior of membrane-limited matrix vesicles (MVs) and by propagating the crystals onto the collagenous extracellular matrix. Two osteoblast proteins, tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) and plasma cell membrane glycoprotein-1 (PC-1) are involved in this process. Mutations in the TNAP g...

Contingency information is information about the occurrence or nonoccurrence of an effect when a possible cause is present or absent. Under the evidential evaluation model, instances of contingency information are transformed into evidence and causal judgment is based on the proportion of relevant instances evaluated as confirmatory for the candidate cause. In this article, two experiments are ...

Aimed to achieve “waste control by waste” of coal-to-liquids (CTL) industry, coal gasification residue (CGR), the most typical CTL residue, and chemical wastewater (CCW) were used as aluminosilicate precursor auxiliary activator respectively prepare alkali activated materials (AAMs). CGR-based AAMs using a less concentrated NaOH solution than conventional, with CCW mixing water synthesized. The...

Mpi-Spin [1, 2] is an extension to the model checker Spin [3, 4] for verifying correctness of MPI-based parallel and distributed algorithms. It adds to Spin’s input language a number of types, constants, and functions corresponding to primitives in the MPI Standard [5]. The semantics of these added primitives are defined using an abstract model of a generic MPI implementation which encodes all ...

BACKGROUND As the majority of prostate cancers (PC) express estrogen receptors, we evaluated the combination of radiation and estrogenic stimulation (estrogen and genistein) on the radiosensitivity of PC cells in vitro. METHODS PC cells LNCaP (androgen-sensitive) and PC-3 (androgen-independent) were evaluated. Estrogen receptor (ER) expression was analyzed by means of immunostaining. Cells we...

PURPOSE The immunoexpression of the PC-10 monoclonal antibody for the proliferating cell nuclear antigen is claimed to have prognostic value in diverse tumors, but previous data on posterior uveal melanoma are conflicting. The aim of the current study was to investigate further the potential value of the PC-10 antibody in predicting tumor-related death after enucleation for posterior uveal mela...

Human immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) serum concentrations and the IgG2 antibody response to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans can be influenced by genes, by environmental factors such as smoking, and by periodontal disease status. Examination of the IgG2 response to phosphorylcholine (PC), a response thought to be mainly induced by the C polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae, suggested that p...

International comparisons of previous convictions (PC) and crime scene behaviours (CSB) stranger sexual offences can inform offender profiling strategies; especially the degree to which pragmatic models cross validate across countries. The present study compared PC CSB 474 UK 418 Spanish cases. were analysed using Chi-square. offenders displayed a higher proportion all analysed. also had signif...

The ultimate value of theories describing the fundamental mechanisms behind asset prices in financial systems is reflected in the capacity of such theories to understand these systems. Although the models that explain the various states of financial markets offer substantial evidence from the fields of finance, mathematics, and even physics, previous theories that attempt to address the complex...