Having discussed the importance of excellence in research in neurosurgery in my previous lecture, I will now make a strong case for the pursuit of excellence in clinical neurosurgery. Here, the adage ‘‘practice makes perfect’’ will be used time and again to underscore the important roles of repetition of manual and intellectual tasks to achieve excellence in our subspecialty. To this adage, how...

Objective: To study the relationship between emotional contagion, professional behavior, and moral judgment of student teachers mediating role among them.
 Methods: The “Emotional Contagion Questionnaire”, “Pro-social Tendencies Measure for Adolescent (PTM)” “Moral Judgment Test (MJT)” was used to survey 448 teachers.
 Results: contagion pro-social behavior have no significant differe...

The complexity of public services require auditors to perform audit judgments ensure the quality information and evaluate evidence presented in financial statements. Thus, auditors’ judgment technical skills are important factors quality. This study examines how auditor independence, task complexity, experience, professional skepticism affect judgment. Purposive sampling was employed select who...

background: a comprehensive system of assessing orthodontic need requires the integration of normative clinical measures with patient-based indicators. this study sought to discover weather an oral health-related quality of life measure or aesthetic component of index of orthodontic treatment need (ac-iotn) could be used as a predictor of orthodontic treatment need. factors affecting the judgme...

In the 1970s, a Baltimore city senator who also owned a tavern backed legislation that helped his business. Accused of having a conflict of interest, Joseph J. Staszak, responded, ‘‘What conflict of interest? How does this conflict with my interest?’’ [1]. According to the Institute of Medicine, a conflict of interest is ‘‘a set of circumstances that creates a risk that professional judgment or...

A. Introduction Our aim in this paper is to consider two related questions, which go to the heart of the larger concern of confl ict between a patient’s choice and a medical professional’s judgment about the proper course of treatment and care. First, how should a medical professional respond to a patient’s refusal to conform to medically necessary dietary advice? Second, having been confronted...

344 The nature and effectiveness of professional-development activities should be judged in a way that takes account of both the achievement of intended outcomes and the unintended consequences that may result. Our research project set out to create a robust approach that school staff members could use to assess the impact of professional-development programs on leadership and management practi...