This research uses the hyperspace effect (Johnson, Flemming, & Wright, 1993; Lindblom, 1990) of Korean glides to address the issues triggered by the diachronic sound change of some Korean vowels. Specifically, we examine whether there is any difference between Korean ‘wae [w]’ versus ‘oe [we]’ by speech style (casual and clear speech) and speakers’ age. Twenty adults from Seoul and the Kyunggi...

Preterm neonates are highly sensitive to systemic infections in early life but little is known about systemic immune development following preterm birth. We hypothesized that preterm neonates have immature systemic immunity with distinct developmental trajectory for the first several weeks of life, relative to those born at near-term or term. Using pigs as a model, we characterized blood leukoc...

The immune system undergoes profound age-related changes, including a gradual increase in the production and circulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Despite the known capacity of fibroblasts to produce cytokines, little is known so far about the inflammatory response of fibroblasts to cellular stress such as viral and/or bacterial infection in the context of aging. Therefore the aim of this s...

three generations of women (3570 daughters, 1148 mothers and 131 grandmothers) from tehran, iran have been studied for menarcheal age. the results show that the age of onset of menarche has decreased in the present generation- 13.599, compared to 13.690 and 13.870 years, amount their mothers and grandmothers, respectively. these results, when compared with results obtained concerning the other ...