The choice of stabilization target for CO2 concentration depends on the following: what is considered to be ‘dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system’; the forcings that might arise from non-CO2 gases; and the climate sensitivity. These three factors are specified here probabilistically, as probability density functions (pdfs), and combined to produce a pdf for the CO2 conce...

Employing the formalism introduced by Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 1962 (1989)], we study the probability density functions (pdf's) of decaying passive scalars in periodic domains under the influence of smooth large scale velocity fields. The particular regime we focus on is one where the normalized scalar pdf's attain a self-similar profile in finite time, i.e., the so-called strange or statistical ei...

We investigate the non-perturbative results of multi-dimensional forced Burgers equation coupled to the continuity equation. In the inviscid limit, we derive the exact exponents of two-point density correlation functions in the universal region in arbitrary dimensions. We then find the universal generating function and the tails of the probability density function (PDF) for the longitudinal vel...

We will demonstrate an object tracking algorithm that uses a novel simple symmetric similarity function between spatially-smoothed kernel-density estimates of the model and target distributions. The similarity measure is based on the expectation of the density estimates over the model or target images. The density is estimated using radial-basis kernel functions which measure the affinity betwe...

In this paper, we extend our previously proposed Viterbi Bayesian predictive classification (VBPC) algorithm to accommodate a new class of prior probability density function (pdf) for continuous density hidden Markov model (CDHMM) based robust speech recognition. The initial prior pdf of CDHMM is assumed to be a finite mixture of natural conjugate prior pdf’s of its complete-data density. With ...

Turbulent mixing of a passive scalar in fully developed turbulent pipe flow has been investigated by means of a Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). The scalar is released from a point source located on the centreline of the pipe. The domain size of the concentration field has been chosen large enough to capture the different stages of turbulent mixing. Results are presented for mean concentratio...

We present a new approach to estimate the risk-neutral probability density function (pdf) of the future prices of an underlying asset from the prices of options written on the asset. The estimation is carried out in the space of cubic spline functions, yielding appropriate smoothness. The resulting optimization problem, used to invert the data and determine the corresponding density function, i...

We present a new approach to estimate the risk-neutral probability density function (pdf) of the future prices of an underlying asset from the prices of options written on the asset. The estimation is carried out in the space of cubic spline functions, yielding appropriate smoothness. The resulting optimization problem, used to invert the data and determine the corresponding density function, i...

Bivariate shrinkage functions (bsf) statistically denoted as joint probability density functions (pdf) and noise pdf, can be united by MAP to denoise image. Because the intensity of speckle in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image is hypothesized to be distributed according to Rayleigh distribution, SAR image denoising modal based on bsf and dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT) is constr...

Perturbation Theory (PT) applied to a cosmological density field with Gaussian initial fluctuations suggests a specific hierarchy for the correlation functions when the variance is small. In particular quantitative predictions have been made for the moments and the shape of the one-point probability distribution function (PDF) of the top-hat smoothed density. In this paper we perform a series o...