Abstract Background and Aims: Hop stunt viroid (HSVd, genus Hostuviroid, family Pospiviroidae) has a wide host range among trees and herbaceous plants. The objectives of this study were to compare biological and physical characteristics of three isolates of HSVd from mulberry, fig and citrus and search for other hosts of this viroid in Iran. Materials and Methods: Plant samples were col...

during the primary survey life-threatening or limb-threatening conditions are identified and management is instituted simultaneously. priorities for the care of adult, pediatrics & pregnancy women are all the same. you should do rapid sequential way to assess the patients in 10 seconds treat as you find life threatening condition and repeat if at any time unstable vital signs should be repeated...

due to physiological disorder, primary bud necrosis (pbn) in grapevine is a great problem in vineyards, resulting in reduced yield. primary bud necrosis (pbn) is physiological disorder resulting in the death of the primary bud. the present study conducted through a light on this critical problem in a vineyard of cisakht region. a factorial experiment with three levels of cold temperature (-10, ...

OBJECTIVES This study identified different types of caregivers who provide care to older African Americans, the types of caregiving structures created to provide care, and the factors that help predict caregiving structures. METHODS A community sample of 330 caregivers caring for 202 elderly African Americans was used. Multinomial logistic regression predicted what type of caregiving structur...

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most significant health-care problems worldwide. The host’s genetics play an important role in the development of TB in humans. The disease progresses through several stages, each of which can be under the control of different genes. The precise genes influencing the different stages of the disease are not yet identified. The aim of the current study ...

introduction: pulsatile injection of gnrh in hypothalamic amenorrhea is known to result in ovulation. the aim of this research was to study the effect of non pulsatile gnrh agonist administration on the ovaries of immature rats. material and methods: in this research the immature rats was divided to 7,17 and 27 daysand each were subdivided to four subgroups. subcutaneous injection every 12 hour...

conclusions primary dysmenorrhea is a common problem in iran however, there are only a few studies regarding secondary dysmenorrhea prevalence. moreover, there is a significant variation between the results of the studies on the primary dysmenorrhea prevalence. therefore, further evidence-based data on national studies is needed to estimate the exact estimation of dysmenorrhea prevalence in ira...