A congenital bladder diverticulum (CBD) is caused by inherent muscular weakness instead of obstruction of the bladder outlet. The major clinical conditions are recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) and voiding dysfunction. This report describes a 15-year-old male adolescent who developed sudden visual disturbance resulting from hypertensive retinopathy. The cause of hypertension was bilateral...

Pelvic ectopic kidney associated with giant hydronephrosis is rare. It may be responsible for an extrinsic compression of adjacent structures. The authors report a case of giant hydronephrosis on a left pelvic ectopic kidney caused by obstructive lithiasis in a patient of 25 years. First ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrostomy allowed urinary drainage. Definitive treatment consisted in nephr...

Reflux nephropathy is thought to be the etiology for renal maldevelopment. We present two boys with fetal hydronephrosis and sterile vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). There was lack of renal growth of the refluxing renal units on surveillance renal ultrasound. Parents elected to undergo open ureteral reimplants. Post-surgical ultrasounds demonstrated improved renal growth.

Widespread use of ultrasonography has resulted in an increase in the recognition of fetal hydronephrosis. The enthusiasm that accompanied early interventions has been tempered by the experience and results obtained over the past 2 decades. The goal has remained the same: to identify patients with serious prenatal obstruction and to identify those which may benefit from intervention. Myelomening...

Congenital obstructive nephropathy is the primary cause of chronic renal failure in children. Disorders of mitochondrial energy metabolism may be a primary factor underlying tubular cell apoptosis in hydronephrosis. The β-F1-ATPase (ATP5B) and electron transfer flavoprotein β subunit (ETFB) metabolic markers are involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism in other diseases. The aim of the prese...

OBJECTIVES Although minimally invasive procedures have created a groundswell, supportive of early intervention as on expedient alternative to surveillance, we present a patient-driven model of care that weighs risk and benefit for each individual. METHODS A practice review was performed for the period 2000-2006. The records of all patients diagnosed by, or referred to, our group (three full-t...

Congenital obstructive nephropathy is a common cause of chronic kidney disease and a leading indication for renal transplant in children. The cellular and molecular responses of the kidney to congenital obstruction are incompletely characterized. In this study, we evaluated global transcription in kidneys with graded hydronephrosis in the megabladder (mgb (-/-)) mouse to better understand the p...

226 Volume XI, no. 2 : May 2010 The bulging membrane was incised and drained 300 mL of fluid. The child improved symptomatically. Hydronephrosis resolved on follow-up ultrasonography. An imperforate hymen causing hydrometrocolpos, bilateral hydronephrosis and associated anuria/urinary retention is extremely rare in the neonatal period.1 Neonatal Hydrometrocolpos secondary to imperforate hymen u...

OBJECTIVE Fetal intervention for obstructive uropathy was first performed at the University of California, San Francisco in 1981. Indications for treatment were bilateral hydronephrosis with oligohydramnios. Preintervention criteria included fetal urinary electrolytes with beta-microglobulin levels, karyotyping, and detailed sonography specifically looking for renal cortical cysts. We reviewed ...