OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of a concentrated formulation of insulin glargine (Gla-300) with other basal insulin therapies in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DESIGN This was a network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomised clinical trials of basal insulin therapy in T2DM identified via a systematic literature review of Cochrane library databases, MEDLINE and MEDLINE...

The spatial resolution requirements of the Stochastic Fields probability density function approach are investigated in the context of turbulent premixed combustion simulation. The Stochastic Fields approach is an attractive way to implement transported Probability Density Function modelling into Large Eddy Simulations of turbulent combustion. In premixed combustion LES, the numerical grid shoul...

A detection method of lean blowout in a laboratory-scale premixed gas-turbine model combustor has been proposed from a view point of nonlinear dynamics. The translation error, which quantifies the degree of the parallelism of trajectories in the phase space constructed from the time-series data of the combustion-chamber pressure fluctuations, is used as a detector in this work. The dynamic beha...

0016-2361/$ see front matter 2011 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2011.10.035 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 9372558781. E-mail address: [email protected] (V.R. Katta). Computational fluid dynamics (CFDs)-based predictions are presented for nonpremixed and partially premixed flames burning vaporized n-heptane fuel. Three state-of-the-art chemical kinetics models are incorporated into a tim...

Ignition, flame propagation and stabilisation have been simulated and analysed in a turbulent jet of non-premixed methane and air. The first order Conditional Moment Closure (CMC) turbulent combustion model was fully coupled with a Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) flow simulation. A CMC model was developed to account for spark ignition. The over-prediction of turbulent flame propagation w...

Our objective is to characterize gravity effects on the structure of laminar methane–air partially premixed flames through detailed simulations. We examine the heat loss due to radiation from similar flames that are established at various gravitational accelerations and coflow velocities. Radiation is modeled using the optically thin assumption that provides a limiting value for the radiation h...

Radiative heat transfer has a significant effect on nitric oxide (NO) formation in turbulent non-premixed flames. Consequently, predictive models of turbulent non-premixed flames must include an accurate radiation submodel. To investigate the importance of radiation submodels in modeling NO formation, multiscalar measurements of temperature and species were coupled with radiation measurements i...