The problem of statistical — or inductive — inference pervades a large number of human activities and a large number of (human and non-human) actions requiring ‘intelligence’. Human and other ‘intelligent’ activity often entails making inductive inferences, remembering and recording observations from which one can make inductive inferences, learning (or being taught) the inductive inferences of...

ABSTRACT- Over the past 50 years, oil mulching has been a common technique for sand dune stabilization in the southwest of Iran (Khuzestan province). However, concerns over the release of heavy metals from oil mulching have led to the search for alternative mulches that are capable of stabilizing sand dunes without environmental hazards. This study investigates the feasibility of using sugarcan...

Soon after its discovery, the attempts to develop anti-AIDS therapeutics focused on the retroviral protease (PR)-an enzyme used by lentiviruses to process the precursor polypeptide into mature viral proteins. An urgent need for the three-dimensional structure of PR to guide rational drug design prompted efforts to produce milligram quantities of this enzyme. However, only minute amounts of PR w...

Inhibition of dimerization to the active form of the HIV-1 aspartic proteinase (HIV-1 PR) may be a way to decrease the probability of escape mutations for this viral protein. The Multiple Copy Simultaneous Search (MCSS) methodology was used to generate functionality maps for the dimerization interface of HIV-1 PR. The positions of the MCSS minima of 19 organic fragments, once postprocessed to t...

Example 1 Lets consider the integers from 1 to 10,000. The properties are defined as follows: E1 = property that an integer is divisible by 4 E2 = property that an integer is divisible by 5 E3 = property that an integer is divisible by 6 The probabilities of individual divisability are easily computed: Pr [E1] = probability the number is divisible by 4 = 1=4 Pr [E2] = probability the number is ...

This article aims to describe and analyze reporting of violence against children from 0 to 9 years of age, issued by the public health services, in Brazil. Data from the Violence and Accident Surveillance System (Viva-SINAN) were used. The frequency of selected variables was calculated by age group (0-1; 2-5 and 6-9 years of age) as well as their Prevalence Ratios (PR). 17.900 cases were report...

Plant diseases significantly reduce crop yields, threatening food security and agricultural sustainability. Fungi are the most destructive type of phytopathogen, they responsible for major yield losses in some crucial crops grown across world. In this study, a fungus isolate was detected from infected tomato plants molecularly identified as Pythium aphanidermatum (GenBank accession number MW725...

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to evaluate cases in which intussusception was unsuccessfully treated with pneumatic reduction (PR), and intussusception recurred following PR. METHODS The medical records of 401 patients who presented with intussusception between 2003 and 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Included were 61 patients, 20 of whom underwent unsuccessful PR (Group 1), ...

This study utilizes the mammalian two-hybrid system to examine the role of ligand in the dimerization of human progesterone receptor (hPR). The GAL4 DNA-binding domain and the herpes simplex virus VP16 transactivation domain were fused to the amino terminus of full-length hPR (both the A and B isoforms) to produce chimeric proteins. PR dimerization was detected by the ability of cotransfected G...

Estrogens act in brain to profoundly influence neurogenesis, sexual differentiation, neuroprotection, cognition, energy homeostasis, and female reproductive behavior and physiology through a variety of mechanisms, including the induction of progestin receptors (PRs). PRs are expressed as two isoforms, PR-A and PR-B, that have distinct functions in physiology and behavior. Because these PR isofo...