Microphotonic structures that strongly confine light, such as photonic crystals and micron-sized resonators, have unique characteristics that could radically advance technology. However, such devices cannot be used in most applications because of their inherent polarization sensitivity; they respond differently to light polarized along different axes7–9. To take advantage of the distinctive pro...

We present circular polarization results from a 5 GHz survey of the parsec-scale polarization properties of 40 AGN made with the VLBA. We find 11 circular polarization detections at the 3σ level or higher. This nearly quadruples the number of sources detected in circular polarization at VLBI resolution. We find no correlation between fractional linear and circular polarization across our sample...

Linear polarization in Xand gamma-rays is an important diagnostic of many astrophysical sources, foremost giving information about their geometry, magnetic fields, and radiation mechanisms. However, very few X-ray polarization measurements have been made, and then only mono-energetic detections, whilst several objects are assumed to have energy dependent polarization signatures. In this paper w...

We report observations of the linear polarization of a sample of 49 nearby bright stars measured to sensitivities of between ∼1 and ∼4 ×10. The majority of stars in the sample show measurable polarization, but most polarizations are small with 75% of the stars having P < 2 ×10. Correlations of the polarization with distance and position, indicate that most of the polarization is of interstellar...

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) in combination with subsequent dissolution of the sample allows the detection of low-γ nuclei in the solution state with a signal gain of up to tens of thousand times compared to experiments starting from Boltzmann conditions. The long polarization build-up times of typically more than one hour are a drawback of this technique. The combination of dissolution D...

This paper presents clusterwise polarization characteristics taken from an estimated MIMO channel of a small urban macrocell at 4.5 GHz. Polarization path gain, cross-polarization ratio, and co-polarization ratio characteristics as influenced by channel parameters such as delay, azimuth and elevation angle of arrival were investigated. The results showed that polarization characteristics were a...

We report experimental study of vector solitons for the fundamental and harmonic mode-locked operation in erbiumdoper fiber lasers with carbon nanotubes based saturable absorbers and anomalous dispersion cavities. We measure evolution of the output pulses polarization and demonstrate vector solitons with various polarization attractors, including locked polarization, periodic polarization switc...

We report an all solid-state polarization-state generator that uses magneto-optic polarization rotators. The device can generate either five or six distinctive polarization states uniformly across a Poincaré sphere with repeatability better than 0.1 degrees. It is ideal for polarization analysis, swept-wavelength measurement, and monitoring of polarization-related parameters and signal-to-noise...

The prospects for accomplishing x-ray polarization measurements of astronomical sources have grown in recent years, after a hiatus of more than 37 years. Unfortunately, accompanying this long hiatus has been some confusion over the statistical uncertainties associated with x-ray polarization measurements of these sources. We have initiated a program to perform the detailed calculations that wil...