moral intelligence is one of the dimensions of intelligence that can provide a framework for the proper function of man, and be used as a predictor for people’s conduct. nurses’ performance is of great importance because of the moral and human nature of their profession, and their adherence to ethical principles improves the nursing care quality as well as organizational performance. therefore,...

background: educational clinical environment has an important role in nursing students' learning. any difference between actual and expected clinical environment will decrease nursing students’ interest in clinical environments and has a negative correlation with their clinical performance.   methods : this descriptive cross-sectional study is an attempt to compare nursing students'perception o...

UNLABELLED Postoperative pain is a common reason for the delayed discharge and unanticipated hospital admission of out-patients. In this study, we examined the pattern of pain in ambulatory surgical patients and determined those factors that predict postoperative pain. Ten thousand eight consecutive ambulatory surgical patients were prospectively studied. Preoperative patient characteristics, i...

context: metaparadigm of nursing is one of the nursing discipline challenges of the present century, which should take into consideration the diversity of different cultures and viewpoints. purpose: the purpose of this study is to evolve the concept of “nursing” (one of the concepts in nursing metaparadigm) on the basis of the islamic scholars’ view. materials and methods: in this philosophical...

background and objective: establishing and implementing high quality of nursing care for patients is the main objective of any nursing education system. however, the lack of proficient nurses all over the world led to a competition and collaboration among countries to train as much nurses with high skills and knowledge as possible. this paper aims at studying and comparing two nursing education...

BACKGROUND General anesthesia (GA) and brachial plexus block have been used successfully for surgery on the upper extremities. Controversy exists as to which method is more suitable in outpatients undergoing hand and wrist surgery. The authors hypothesized that infraclavicular brachial plexus block (INB) performed with a short-acting local anesthetic would result in shorter time to discharge ho...

Apneusis, or apneustic respirations, is characterized by an abnormal breathing pattern involving gasping and the inability to fully expire. A loss of gag reflex and other cranial nerve deficits are also often accompanied with these respiratory changes. In neurological intensive care units (NICUs), these respiratory and airway changes are not uncommon and have been well documented (Lee et al. 19...

background few studies, especially in iran, have assessed the status of family participation in the care of the hospitalized patients. objectives this study was conducted to assess why family members partake in caregiving of their patients in hospitals, the type of care that family provide, and the outcomes of the participation in the opinions of nurses and family members. patients and methods ...