A photocatalytic reaction involves charge separation and transfer under photoirradiation, and the photogenerated charge carriers (holes and electrons) are responsible for the photocatalytic activity of the catalyst. The active centres in a single-site photocatalyst are the isolated and spatially separated sites that may interact with reactants after photo-irradiation. Generally, single-site pho...

Transport phenomena within PEM fuel cells are investigated and a comprehensive analytical solution is presented. The methodology couples the transport within the fuel cell supply channels and the substrate which is composed of five different layers. The layers are all treated as macroscopically homogeneous porous media with uniform morphological properties such as porosity and permeability. The...

Tar and char can be regarded as unwanted byproducts during the gasification process. In this study, three types of catalyst, i.e., biomass char (bio-char), nickel supported on biomass (Ni+bio-char), and nickel supported on bio-char (bio-char+Ni), were studied to compare the catalytic effects of different preparation methods on tar model compound removal. The structural characteristics of the th...

icle as: H. Tüysüz, cture for overall w Summary Herein, we report the preparation of a series of surfactant-free nanostructured sodium tantalum oxide using NaTa(OC3H7)6 as a single precursor. The reaction conditions for the novel synthetic method were optimized and the morphology and crystal structure of the prepared materials were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray d...

Despite the significant improvement of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell catalyst activities, a cost-effective and stable membrane electrode assembly is still lacking, which greatly inhibits the commercialization of this efficient and environmental friendly technology in stationary and transportation applications. The main reason is that the engineering of different components of an electr...

A novel hierarchical nanotemplated carbon monolithic rod (NTCM) was prepared using a novel facile nanotemplating approach. The NTCM was obtained using C60-fullerene modified silica gels as hard templates, which were embedded in a phenolic resin containing a metal catalyst for localized graphitization, followed by bulk carbonization, and template and catalyst removal. TEM, SEM, and BET measureme...

Heteroatom-doped porous carbon has attracted considerable research interest due to its effective catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this study, nitrogen-doped porous activated carbon (PAC) is fabricated via a facile heat-treatment and chemical activation of cocoon silk in an inert gas atmosphere. The prepared PAC exhibits excellent ORR catalytic performances with...

The work is supported by US DOE SECA Core Technology Program under Grant No. DENT-0006557. We thank SHaRE, ORNL for TEM instrumentation and sample preparation. One of the reasons that LaxSr1−xCoyFe1−yO3−δ (LSCF) based cathodes show much better performance than those based on LaxSr1-xMnO3-δ (LSM) is that LSCF has much higher ionic and electronic conductivities than LSM, significantly extending t...

Development of cheap, abundant and metal-free N-doped carbon materials as high efficiency oxygen reduction electrocatalysts is crucial for their practical applications in future fuel cell devices. Here, three-dimensional (3D) N-doped porous carbon (NPC) materials have been successfully developed by a simple template-assisted (e.g., SiO2 spheres) high temperature pyrolysis approach using shrimp-...