Cryptococcus neoformans capsular polysaccharide is composed of at least two components, glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) and galactoxylomannans (GalXM). Although GXM has been extensively studied, little is known about the location of GalXM in the C. neoformans capsule, in part because there are no serological reagents specific to this antigen. To circumvent the poor immunogenicity of GalXM, this antig...

The Pel polysaccharide serves as an intercellular adhesin for the formation and maintenance of biofilms in the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pel biosynthesis requires the products of a seven-gene operon, pelA-pelG, all of which are necessary for Pel-dependent biofilm formation and Pel-related phenotypes. One of the genes, pelA, encodes a protein with a predicted polysaccharide ...

Defatted human tubercle bacilli, Aoyama B strain, were extracted with 0.1 n NaOH for 24 hr, and the crude polysaccharide fraction was precipitated by the addition of 5 volumes of ethyl alcohol. A yield of 17.8 g of crude polysaccharides was obtained from 800 g of bacilli. The crude polysaccharide was further fractionated into seven fractions by fractional precipitation with ethyl alcohol. Each ...

A particle-bound enzyme from the fungus imperfectus Cryfitococcus taurentii var. flavescens (NRRL Y-1401) mediates transfer of mannosyl units from GDP-mannose to endogenous primer. The enzyme requires divalent cations for activity. The pH optimum is ‘7.5 and the apparent K, for GDP-mannose is 0.14 mbr. A polysaccharide fraction that is associated with the enzyme was found to be similar to a pol...

A particle-bound enzyme from the fungus imperfectus Cryfitococcus taurentii var. flavescens (NRRL Y-1401) mediates transfer of mannosyl units from GDP-mannose to endogenous primer. The enzyme requires divalent cations for activity. The pH optimum is ‘7.5 and the apparent K, for GDP-mannose is 0.14 mbr. A polysaccharide fraction that is associated with the enzyme was found to be similar to a pol...

Glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) is the major capsular polysaccharide of Cryptococcus neoformans. It is essential for fungal virulence and causes a number of deleterious effects to host cells. During the last decades, most of the experimental models designed to study the roles of GXM during cryptococcal infection were based on the stimulation of animal cells. This most commonly involved macrophages or...

Our previous study revealed that the antioxidant activity of polysaccharide (coded as FGFP) extracted from Grifola frondosa by enzymolysis treatment was significantly superior than that (coded as GFP) extracted by boiling-water. In this study, one purified polysaccharide fractions (coded as FGFP-11) was obtained from FGFP by purified using DEAE-52 column and Sephacryl S-500HR column. Results in...

Six Acinetobacter sp. isolated from healthy human skin were checked for the production of bioemulsifier. Optimization studies indicated that Luria Bertani broth pH 7 supplemented with calcium chloride (1%) was the optimum medium. Temperature at 37 degrees C was optimum and inducer oils in the medium did not enhance bioemulsifier production. Partial purification of bioemulsifier and chemical ana...

The fresh water clam Corbicula fluminea is currently one of the most economically important aquatic species in China because of its nutritional value and pharmacological activity. In order to explore the potential of C. fluminea as a natural resource of bioactive compounds, a papain-released polysaccharide designated CFPS-2 was isolated. Chemical composition analysis indicated that CFPS-2 conta...

Shilajit has been used traditionally in folk medicine for the treatment of a variety of disorders, including syndromes involving excessive complement activation. Extracts of Shilajit contain significant amounts of fulvic acid (FA), and it has been suggested that FA is responsible for many therapeutic properties of Shilajit. However, little is known regarding the physical and chemical properties...