manual patient handling is known to be the major source of musculoskeletal load among hospital nurses. the objectives of the present study were determination of frequency of musculoskeletal disorders (msds) and its associated factors together with assessment of musculoskeletal load due to patient transfer by ptai method in hospital nursing staff of shiraz university of medical sciences (sums), ...

In Europe and, increasingly, the rest of the world, the key policy tool for the control of air pollution is the critical load, a level of pollution below which there are no known significant harmful effects on the environment. Critical loads are used to map sensitive regions and habitats, permit individual polluting activities, and frame international negotiations on transboundary air pollution...

Purpose. Knowing and evaluating the degree of pollution caused by elements under study, Statement potential environmental hazards index. in Samarra city-Iraq to know limits mineral pollution, because an increase them is harmful humans. Methodology. The first step starting work for current as modeling was carried out a field tour November each region depth, concentrations heavy approved study (m...

Fresh water has continued to decrease both in quality and quantity with a wide variety of pollutants entering into fresh resources. In this research the was being accessed using standard method analysis water. Physiochemical parameters heavy metal content were determined data assessed contamination factors, degree pollution load index result revealed that borehole at Esako west LGA slightly con...

The Yellow River Wetland National Nature Reserve (the Sanmenxia section) is an important area of the Yellow River for two important hydrologic gauging stations: the Sanmenxia reservoir and the Xiaolangdi reservoir. Seven sites along the section were selected: Jiziling, Dinghuwan, Houdi, Canglonghu, Shangcun, Wangguan, and Nancun. After the microwave digestion with aqua regia, concentrations of ...

twenty water samples from a river system in southern caspian sea basin werecollected and analyzed for physicochemical parameters and metals (cu, zn, as, cd, pb, ni andmn). in order to evaluate the risk potential of metal pollution in river water, use of two indicesnamely heavy metal pollution index (hpi) and contamination index (cd) accompanied by clusteranalysis was taken in to consideration. ...

Environmental problems such as eutrophication caused by excessive nutrient discharge are global challenges. There are complex pollution sources of nitrogen (N) discharge in many river basins worldwide. Knowledge of its pollution sources and their respective load contributions is essential to developing effective N pollution control strategies. N loads from all known anthropogenic pollution sour...

Exposure to fine particles can cause various diseases, and an easily accessible method to monitor the particles can help raise public awareness and reduce harmful exposures. Here we report a method to estimate PM air pollution based on analysis of a large number of outdoor images available for Beijing, Shanghai (China) and Phoenix (US). Six image features were extracted from the images, which w...

The British Petroleum Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico was the biggest oil spill in US history. To assess the impact of the oil spill on the saltmarsh plant community, we examined Advanced Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data flown over Barataria Bay, Louisiana in September 2010 and August 2011. Oil contamination was mapped using oil absorption features in pixel ...