Signal transduction in prokaryotes is frequently accomplished by two-component regulatory systems in which a histidine protein kinase is the sensory component. Many of these sensory kinases control metabolic processes that do not show an obvious requirement for inhomogeneous distribution within bacterial cells. Here, the sensory kinases DcuS and CitA, two histidine kinases of Escherichia coli, ...

Subjective beliefs and behavior regarding the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) test for prostate cancer were surveyed among economists attending the annual American Economic Association meeting. Logical inconsistency was measured in percentage deviations from a restriction imposed by Bayes’ Rule on pairs of conditional beliefs. Economists with inconsistent beliefs tended to be more accurate than...

The aim of this paper is to characterize in terms of classical (quasi)convexity of extended real-valued functions the set-valued maps which are K-(quasi)convex with respect to a convex cone K. In particular, we recover some known characterizations of K-(quasi)convex vector-valued functions, given by means of the polar cone of K.

The dimorphic and intrinsically asymmetric bacterium Caulobacter crescentus has become an important model organism to study the bacterial cell cycle, cell polarity, and polar differentiation. A multifaceted regulatory network orchestrates the precise coordination between the development of polar organelles and the cell cycle. One master response regulator, CtrA, directly controls the initiation...

Small GTPases of the Ras-like (Ral) family are crucial for signalling functions in both normal and cancer cells; however, their role in a developing organism is poorly understood. Here, we identify the Drosophila Ral homologue RalA as a new key regulator of polar-cell differentiation during oogenesis. Polar cells have a crucial role in patterning the egg chamber and in recruiting border cells, ...

A previous study showed that ammonia oxidation by the Thaumarchaeota Nitrosopumilus maritimus (group 1.1a) was resistant to concentrations of the C8 1-alkyne, octyne, which completely inhibits activity by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. In this study, the inhibitory effects of octyne and other C2 to C10 1-alkynes were evaluated on the nitrite production activity of two pure culture isolates from Th...

The aim of this paper is to characterize in terms of scalar quasiconvexity the vector-valued functions which are K-quasiconvex with respect to a closed convex cone K in a Banach space. Our main result extends a wellknown characterization of K-quasiconvexity by means of extreme directions of the polar cone of K, obtained by Dinh The Luc in the particular case when K is a polyhedral cone generate...

In this paper, we describe a method for correcting underexposed images by recovering the Lambertian diffuse component in the scene. The method makes use of an implicit mapping between the objects in the scene and a unit sphere. As a result of this treatment, the scene radiance function can be represented by a polar function on the unit sphere. We pose the problem of recovering the scene radianc...

This review is an attempt to update the recent advances in the self-assembly of amphiphilic block and graft copolymers. Their micellization behavior is highlighted for linear AB, ABC triblock terpolymers, and graft structures in non-aqueous selective polar and non-polar solvents, including solvent mixtures and ionic liquids. The micellar characteristics, such as particle size, aggregation numbe...

For a polynomial p(z) of degree n, having all zeros in |z|< k, k< 1, Dewan et al [K. K. Dewan, N. Singh and A. Mir, Extension of some polynomial inequalities to the polar derivative, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 352 (2009) 807-815] obtained inequality between the polar derivative of p(z) and maximum modulus of p(z). In this paper we improve and extend the above inequality. Our result generalizes certai...